Proceedings of Forum for University Scholars in Interdisciplinary Opportunities and Networking
Advisory Board: Ir. Kristanti Ambar Puspitasari, M.Ed., Ph.D. Prof. Dr. Maman Rumanta, M.Si. Dr. Shine Pintor Siolemba Patiro, S.T., M.M Chairperson: Dr. Widya Rizky Pratiwi, S.Pd., MM Vice Chairperson: Dr. Sri Dewi Nirmala, S.Pd., M.Pd. Secretary: Dewi Elfrivaty Br Simamora, S.ST., Ars. Finance: Yana Andriana, S.T. Public Relations & Sponsorship: Dr. Hasrianti, S.Si., M.Si. Academic Program: Dr. Sudirman, M.Pd. Event: Dr. Zulkifli Sultan, S.E., M.M. Equipment & Logistics: Dr. Ardi Dwi Susandi, S.Pd., M.Pd. Liaison Officer: Dr. Rahmat Hidayat, S.Sos., M.Si. ICT (IT Support): Didik Nurdyansah, S.Kom. Publication & Graphic Design: Yendi Sopyan, A.Md. Proceedings of Forum for University Scholars in Interdisciplinary Opportunities and Networking From Theory to Practice is an international conference organized by the Graduate School of Universitas Terbuka. This event is dedicated to uniting scholars, researchers, and practitioners across multiple disciplines to foster dialogue and collaboration around innovative research methodologies. By bridging the gap between theoretical insights and practical applications, the conference aims to enhance the quality and impact of research across diverse fields. Through keynote presentations, interactive panels, and workshops, participants will engage in discussions on interdisciplinary strategies, gaining valuable perspectives to advance their research. Hosted by Universitas Terbuka, this conference provides a platform for global academic exchange in the field of distance education and beyond.
Exploring Students’ Engagement with Multimodal Texts in English Learning Activities
This study explores students’ engagement with multimodal texts in the English learning activities at a senior high school in Yogyakarta. As digital technologies continue to reshape the educational landscape, students are increasingly immersed in diverse forms of texts that integrate written, visual, audio, and interactive elements during the subject. These multimodal texts require a broader set of literacy skills that go beyond traditional reading and writing. While such texts are becoming more common in 21st-century classrooms, especially in language learning environments, the ways in which students engage with them in practice remain insufficiently examined, particularly within the Indonesian English as foreign language context. This qualitative case study involved some classes of Grade XII students of Ali Maksum Islamic Senior High School and the English teacher as participants. The data were collected through classroom observations, student interviews, and document analysis of teaching materials. The findings revealed that students engage with multimodal texts in three key dimensions: cognitive (understanding content), behavioural (participation and task completion), and affective (interest and motivation). Visual, audio, and video-based texts and other interactive elements were found to enhance student interest, engagement, literacy and comprehension. The study highlights the importance of integrating multimodal literacy practices into English instruction to support students' active engagement and improve learning outcomes in 21st-century classrooms along with the required skills.
Copyright (c) 2025 Khusnul Harsul Lisan, Adhan Kholis, Ulul Azmi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Digital Readiness, Accounting Information System Quality, and Audit Literacy on the Effectiveness of Internal Audit in MSMEs in Banjarnegara
This study aims to examine the influence of digital readiness, the quality of accounting information systems, and audit literacy on the effectiveness of internal audit in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java. Employing a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis, data were collected from 111 valid responses to questionnaires distributed among digitally enabled and legally registered MSMEs. The results indicate that both digital readiness and the quality of accounting information systems have a significant positive effect on internal audit effectiveness, while audit literacy does not have a statistically significant impact. These findings support contingency theory, which posits that the effectiveness of a control system depends on the alignment between internal and external factors. The study highlights the importance of technological infrastructure and system integration in improving internal audit functions, especially in the MSME sector. Recommendations are made for policymakers and stakeholders to support digital adoption and system improvements to enhance financial accountability in MSMEs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Giovanny Bangun Kristianto, Esti Saraswati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Critical Reading as A Gateway to Interdisciplinary Thinking: Integrating EAP with Global Issues and Ecotheology within The CINTA Curriculum
This study explores the integration of critical reading into English for Academic Purposes as a pathway to interdisciplinary thinking in Islamic higher education. While EAP in non-English majors often focuses only just on linguistic competence, this study elaborates critical reading as a means to engage with broader global issues, particularly environmental sustainability. Grounded in the CINTA curriculum (Cendekiawan Integratif, Tangguh, dan Adaptif) initiated by the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs, the study highlights how Ecotheological perspectives can enrich reading tasks by connecting language learning with ethical and spiritual values. Using authentic texts on climate change and sustainability together with Islamic theological reflections on human responsibility as khalifah fil ardh, students were guided to analyze arguments, identify assumptions, and reflect critically on ecological challenges from both scientific and religious viewpoints. Primary findings indicate that such integration enhances reading comprehension, fosters critical literacy, and develops students’ capacity for interdisciplinary awareness. The paper argues that inserting Ecotheology into EAP reading supports CINTA’s vision of development integrative, resilient, and adaptive scholars, while contributing to global issues on education for sustainability and equitable futures.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ibnu Wahyurianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Identity Statuses and Gender in Pre-service EFL Teachers’ Professional Identity Development
The professional identity construction of pre-service English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) teachers (PSETs) has been the subject of considerable scholarly attention. Nonetheless, the specific roles of gender, identity statuses, and their interaction remain insufficiently investigated. This study seeks to examine the extent to which gender, identity statuses, and the interaction between these variables influence the professional identity construction of PSETs. A total of ninety PSETs (N = 90) enrolled in a teacher education program in Indonesia served as the sample of the study. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using a two-way ANOVA to determine the influence of gender, identity statuses, and their interaction on professional identity development. Findings revealed that identity statuses exerted a significant influence on professional identity formation, with pronounced differences identified between participants in the Identity Diffusion and Identity Achievement categories. By contrast, gender and the interaction between gender and identity statuses were not found to indicate significant influence. These results call into question prevailing assumptions regarding the influence of gender on professional identity construction, highlighting instead the centrality of identity exploration and commitment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ika Wahyuni Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimization Of Equipment And Facility Performance For The Effectiveness Of Container Loading And Unloading Processes At Teluk Bayur West Sumatra
This study aims to analyze the optimization of equipment and facility performance in enhancing the effectiveness of container loading and unloading processes at PT IPC TPK Area Teluk Bayur, West Sumatra. The effectiveness of loading and unloading activities plays a crucial role in supporting the smooth flow of both domestic and international logistics, making the role of equipment and facilities highly significant. This research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire distributed to 50 respondents consisting of employees involved in planning, operational control, and units responsible for utility and facility management at PT IPC TPK Area Teluk Bayur. The sampling technique applied was saturated sampling, in which the entire population was used as respondents. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM–PLS) with SmartPLS 4 software. The findings reveal that the performance of equipment and facilities has a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of container loading and unloading activities. The results highlight the importance of optimization strategies through regular maintenance, facility improvement, and strategic investments in modern technology to strengthen operational efficiency and the competitiveness of the port in a sustainable manner.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indriyati, David Pandapotan Sirait, Irvan Ardiansyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
AR-Poster Assisted Tic Tac Toe: A Game-Based Learning Approach for Mathematical Communication
This study examines the effectiveness of AR-Poster Assisted Tic Tac Toe as a game-based learning approach to improve primary students’ mathematical communication. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design was applied with 60 fifth-grade students in Sleman, Yogyakarta. The experimental group (n = 30) received instruction through AR-assisted Tic Tac Toe, while the control group (n = 30) followed conventional teaching. Data were collected using a mathematical communication test, motivation questionnaire, and classroom observations. The results showed significant improvements in the experimental group’s posttest scores (M = 85.6) compared to the control group (M = 72.4), with a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.64). Students engaged in AR-based learning also demonstrated higher motivation and more active collaboration during classroom activities. These findings suggest that integrating AR with simple game structures provides an effective model for student-centered mathematics instruction. The study contributes to digital pedagogy by highlighting AR-assisted games as both engaging and pedagogically sound, with potential applications across other mathematical topics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Khairunnisa Zulfa Alifah, Fery Muhamad Firdaus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of Humanistic Approach in Mathematics Learning Process and its Impact on Learning Motivation in Elementary School
Mathematics learning is a mental activity to understand the meaning in relationships and symbols and then applied to real situations. Conventional methods have proven to be less effective in improving student understanding, so a humanistic approach to math learning is needed. This study aims to analyze the humanistic approach implemented in mathematics learning and its impact on student learning motivation in elementary schools. There are similar concepts between mathematics learning and the humanistic approach, both emphasizing the importance of respecting each individual in relationships and symbols that will be applied in real life. This research uses a descriptive research design through a case study approach. The researcher aims to increase motivation, interest and learning outcomes that arise when applying a humanistic approach in mathematics learning. Observations were made related to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the learning process, data collection techniques include various methods such as observation, interviews, and performance. The research subjects consisted of 20 grade 6 students of SDN Batujajar 1, consisting of 10 male students and 10 female students in the 2024/2025 school year. The research findings show that the application of the humanistic approach in learning mathematics has a positive impact on student motivation, interest and learning outcomes.The abstract should be clear, concise, and descriptive.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lenny Kosasih, Sri Dewi Nirmala https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Describing Students' Motivation and Attitude in Self-Directed Learning English as a Foreign Language: A Survey Study
The purpose of this study is to describe junior high school students’ attitudes and motivation toward learning English in a self-directed learning context. Employing a descriptive quantitative design, this study involved 142 eighth-grade students from a junior high school in West Bekasi. Data were collected through a questionnaire adapted from the Attitude/Motivation Test Battery, covering five motivation indicators: interest in learning English, attitudes toward learning English, integrative orientation, instrumental orientation, and English class anxiety. Descriptive statistical techniques, including mean scores and norm-referenced category distribution, were used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that students’ overall motivation toward learning English falls within the moderate category, with a tendency toward medium to high levels. Interest in learning English emerged as the strongest indicator, reflecting students’ enthusiasm and positive affect toward the language. Instrumental motivation, related to academic achievement and future career opportunities, was found to be stronger than integrative motivation, which is associated with social interaction and cultural engagement. In addition, students demonstrated generally positive attitudes toward learning English, while experiencing a moderate level of anxiety that did not substantially hinder their motivation. These findings support Gardner’s motivation theory, highlighting the role of both intrinsic interest and pragmatic goals in sustaining students’ motivation to learn English. The study underscores the importance of fostering supportive learning environments and structured self-directed learning opportunities to strengthen students’ motivation and engagement in English learning beyond the classroom.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mareta Dwi Artuti, Nurul Hasanah, Enci Zarkasih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Critical Discourse Analysis of Higher-Order Thinking Skills Representation in Indonesian Teacher Training Modules
The development of Higher Order Thinking Skills is essential for fostering critical thinking and problem-solving abilities among teachers and pre-service teachers in Indonesia’s Teacher Professional Education Program. This study explores how HOTS are represented in three core modules of PPG: Principles of Teaching and Assessment, Curriculum Design and Development, and Computational Thinking. This study employs Fairclough’s model of Critical Discourse Analysis to analyse fifteen purposively selected instructional texts from the PPG modules. The analysis was conducted across three dimensions: textual, discursive practice, and social practice. The results indicate a complex tension in HOTS representation. Textually, HOTS are explicitly promoted through imperative structures (e.g., "analyse," "evaluate") that encourage cognitive engagement. However, the analysis of discursive practice reveals a 'technocratic reduction,' where complex cognitive theories are simplified into procedural administrative tasks. Furthermore, regarding social practice, the modules construct a form of 'controlled professionalism.' While teachers are framed as active agents, their autonomy is constrained by rigid, monologic instructions that lack the dialogic space found in international benchmarks. Unlike global trends that emphasize sustained reflection and formative flexibility, the Indonesian modules prioritize standardized compliance. This study suggests that for PPG to be truly transformative, the curriculum must move beyond technical imperatives to embrace critical pedagogy and genuine professional autonomy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mas'ud B, Marwati Abd. Malik, Badaruddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Critical Analysis of Copyright's Role in Achieving The Sustainable Development Goals
This study aims to critically examine the relationship between copyright and sustainable development goals as outlined by the United Nations and to assess the potential negative impacts of achieving these SDGs, particularly in terms of technological advancements in the innovation of copyright. Anticipation of these impacts can be addressed with various future-oriented solutions. A theoretical approach is employed to develop a theory that aligns with legal rules and principles concerning copyright and sustainable development. This research adopts doctrinal legal research methods, utilizing qualitative research with secondary data through literature review techniques. The findings indicate that copyright protection is a crucial enabler for fostering innovation, ensuring equal access to knowledge and technology, and supporting sustainable development in accordance with the goals of SDG 4 and SDG 9. However, in achieving SDG 4, there is a potential for cancel culture in the educational sector, which may lead to issues, and in achieving SDG 9, the potential elimination of private transportation could significantly impact copyright in terms of content creation and dissemination, leading to copyright infringement. In addition, the role of copyright in achieving sustainable development goals can give rise to debate about the copyright protection system and copyright protection theory
Copyright (c) 2025 Maya Ruhtiani, Fani Diyah Wulandari, Isti Qomah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Open and Distance Learners’ Readiness on Article Publications: An Inclusive Education Context
This study analyzes the readiness and challenges of publishing scientific articles among learners and alumni of Universitas Terbuka Medan. Using a qualitative descriptive method based on case studies, data were collected through questionnaires and face-to-face focus group discussions. Thematic analysis revealed three main issues: first, some respondents had initial readiness in the form of understanding article structure and the urgency of publication; second, dominant obstacles included academic writing skills, the use of scientific language, and limited systematic guidance; third, the publication process often stalled at the submission stage due to technical obstacles or low self-confidence. More than 50% of respondents emphasized the need for support for reference access and ongoing training. The results suggest strengthening academic literacy through intensive workshops, regular mentoring, and institutional policies that encourage publication inclusivity. This study's contribution lies in emphasizing the importance of structured interventions in open and distance education environments to improve the productivity and quality of student publications.
Copyright (c) 2025 Meylina, Lidwina Sri Ardiasih, Rahmiaty, Audi Yundayani, Frimadhona Syafri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Leadership Openness on Work Motivation at BPVP Bandung Barat
Leadership openness is a crucial factor in employee work motivation. This study examines the impact of leadership openness on the work motivation of employees at the Vocational Training and Productivity Center (BPVP) in Bandung Barat. Utilizing a quantitative approach through a questionnaire survey, the data were analyzed using simple regression tests. The findings indicate that leadership openness has a positive and significant effect on employee work motivation. Enhancements in communication openness, transparency, and opportunities for expressing opinions contribute to increased work motivation. Open leadership practices effectively enhance organizational performance and productivity, particularly within vocational training institutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Galih Robbani Galih; Muhammad Khoirul Umam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
African AI Masterclass in Prompt Engineering: Empowering Students Through Responsible and Contextualised AI Literacy
This paper reports on the design, implementation, and outcomes of the Afrikan AI Masterclass in Prompt Engineering, a large-scale educational intervention aimed at advancing responsible and contextualised artificial intelligence literacy in higher education. Conducted at the University of South Africa (UNISA), a mega open distance e-learning (ODeL) institution, the initiative responded to growing concerns around students’ uncritical and unethical use of generative AI. Anchored in the AI Literacy Heptagon framework and delivered through a hybrid flexible HyFlex model, the Masterclass combined asynchronous online modules, synchronous webinars, and regional workshops to maximise accessibility and inclusivity. A total of 13,927 students participated across diverse modalities, making this one of the largest empirical AI literacy deployments in higher education to date. Mixed-methods evaluation demonstrated significant gains: students reported increased confidence in using AI tools ethically and effectively, while engagement data revealed participation rates exceeding typical online course benchmarks. Qualitative feedback further highlighted enhanced digital resilience and confidence in applying AI for learning and research. The findings underscore the potential of HyFlex, stakeholder-driven design, and contextualised ethics to scale AI literacy in resource-constrained ODeL environments. While limitations include reliance on self-reported data and the challenge of rapidly evolving AI tools, the study provides robust baseline evidence of students’ ethical awareness and readiness for responsible AI use, illustrating a replicable model for embedding responsible AI practices in higher education. The study contributes to global debates on AI literacy by offering evidence from an African ODeL context, aligned with institutional strategic goals and Sustainable Development Goal 4 on quality education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Richard Wright, Bronwyn Wright https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Work Discipline, Work Environment, and Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of Organizational Culture
This study aims to analyze the mediating role of organizational culture on the impact of work discipline and work environment on employee performance in private companies in Denpasar. The sample comprised 50 respondents selected via purposive sampling from various private sector industries, specifically within the retail and service sectors, in Denpasar. Primary data were collected using Likert-scale questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using path analysis to test the relationship between the variables studied. The results of the study indicate that work discipline and work environment have a positive influence on employee performance, both directly and indirectly through organizational culture as a mediating variable. Specifically, work discipline has a significant influence on employee performance through organizational culture, with a path coefficient of 0.355. Similarly, work environment has a direct effect on employee performance of 0.519 and an indirect effect through organizational culture of 0.164. Regression analysis shows that this model has a coefficient of determination of 0.809, meaning that 80.9% of the variation in employee performance can be explained by work discipline, work environment, and organizational culture. The findings of this study imply that companies need to focus on improving work discipline and the work environment, as well as building a supportive organizational culture, to enhance employee performance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Luh Kardini & Zulkifli Sultan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in English Learning: Case Study in English Department
The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has reshaped education, particularly in English language learning at the university level. Applications such as QuillBot, Grammarly, Google Translate, and Duolingo are increasingly used by students to strengthen their language proficiency. This study aims to identify which AI tools offer the most benefits, examine how English Department students at Muhammadiyah University of Ponorogo integrate them into learning routines, and evaluate their impact on academic outcomes. A qualitative case study approach was employed, with data collected through a Google Forms survey targeting students experienced in using AI applications. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, which involves reducing redundancy, categorizing responses, and drawing valid conclusions. Findings show that students actively use various AI tools to support academic tasks, especially in writing and text comprehension. QuillBot and Grammarly are the most frequently used, helping improve grammar, paraphrasing, and plagiarism avoidance. Students also report positive effects, including increased motivation, confidence, and subject mastery. However, they remain cautious about limitations, such as occasional inaccuracies in paraphrased content.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dima Salsyafiraa, Ana Maghfiroh, Alip Sugianto, Elok Putri Nimasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Impact of ESG Risk, Free Float, Growth, and Leverage on LQ45 Firm Value Moderated by Size
This study examines the impact of financial factors on firm value, both directly and through the moderation of firm size. Using secondary data from companies listed in the LQ45 index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2021 to 2024, the study analyzes variables such as ESG risk, free float ratio, sales growth, leverage, and firm size. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed with STATA 17 to assess the relationships between these variables and firm value. The findings reveal that ESG risk has no significant effect on firm value but becomes positive when moderated by firm size in large companies. The free float ratio positively impacts firm value, but this effect turns negative for larger companies, indicating a lack of market control. The growth sales ratio shows no significant effect on firm value, and leverage has a positive impact, which turns negative in larger firms due to higher financial risks. This study suggests that large firms should focus on managing ESG risks and leverage carefully, while small companies can use the free float ratio to boost liquidity. Limitations of the study include the focus on LQ45 companies, which may not represent all sectors, and future research should consider broader industry samples
Copyright (c) 2025 Aditya Wardana, Khoirul Hikmah, Widhy Tri Astuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Empowering Students Through a Mobile Learning Masterclass in an Open Distance E-Learning Context: Design, Implementation, and Early Outcomes
Mobile learning is widely promoted as a practical route to broadening access and strengthening digital capability in higher education, particularly in open distance e-learning environments where students’ connectivity, devices, and study contexts vary considerably. This study reports the design and implementation of a short, mobile-first masterclass delivered using a hybrid flexible model at a mega ODeL institution. Using a pre-post survey design complemented by open-ended responses, we examined changes in students' perceived digital literacy and digital self-efficacy following participation in the masterclass. Results indicate meaningful improvements in perceived capability and confidence for learning with mobile technologies, alongside high levels of satisfaction with the flexibility afforded by HyFlex participation. While outcomes are based on self-report and reflect short-term shifts, prior research has positioned digital self-efficacy as a key determinant of competent and sustained technology use, as well as a pathway to engagement in online learning. The paper discusses implications for scalable mobile learning support in resource-constrained settings and outlines next steps for integrating objective indicators, such as learning analytics and performance-based tasks, into future evaluations.
Copyright (c) 2025 David Harpestad, Bronwyn Wright https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
AI-Based Human Resource Management Strategy in The Digital Era: Improving Employee Experience and Productivity
The purpose of this study is to see how the application of artificial intelligence in human resource management in the digital era. Patterns, key themes, and relationships between concepts from various related studies were identified through a systematic literature review method. The results show that artificial intelligence has changed many aspects of human labor management , including recruitment, employee development, and performance management. AI helps in recruitment by accelerating the screening of candidates through predictive data analysis, improving the efficiency and quality of selection. On the other hand, AI enables chatbots to provide personalized training and access to information in real-time, which improves employee engagement and productivity. Predictive analytics also helps organizations in performance appraisal and data-driven workforce planning. However, the use of AI faces challenges such as ethical issues and possible bias of algorithms. However, it has been proven that artificial intelligence improves operational productivity, employee satisfaction levels, and competitiveness of organizations. The findings of this study are helpful in developing sustainable and people-oriented AI-based HRM strategies. They also emphasize how important it is to combine human aspects and technology when using AI.
Copyright (c) 2025 Miko Prasetio, Alfizi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Inclusive Education Perspectives On Open And Distance Learners’ Article Publications
Universitas Terbuka learners, as primary participants in open and distance education, are required to publish scientific articles as a graduation prerequisite. Nevertheless, the diversity of UT learners’ backgrounds affects their readiness for publication. This study examines the factors that influence the success of UT learners in publishing scientific articles through the lens of inclusive education. This research employed a mixed-methods approach, specifically an explanatory sequential design. The findings indicate that the success of UT learners' scientific article publications is notably impacted by the various services and facilities offered by UT, viewed from an inclusive perspective that encompasses access to UT’s inclusive services, effective systems, and supportive social factors. These research findings serve as a reference for the ongoing development of pedagogical support, which will better equip UT learners with the knowledge and experience necessary to enhance their skills and facilitate their participation in the research community. Implementing tailored interventions and strengthening inclusive policies will further empower UT learners, thereby enhancing publication outcomes and supporting equitable academic achievement
Copyright (c) 2025 Lidwina Sri Ardiasih, Audi Yundayani, Frimadhona Syafri, Rahmiaty, Meylina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Scientific Reading Based Project (SRBP) through Inference Skills: an Exploratory Analysis in Natural Sciences Learning
Inference skills are fundamental to science process skills and play a vital role in fostering critical thinking in elementary science learning. However, many students struggle to integrate information and draw evidence-based conclusions. The Scientific Reading-Based Project model integrates scientific reading with project-based activities, offering students opportunities to interpret texts, design investigations, and communicate findings collaboratively. This study aims to explore the potential of SRBP in developing inference skills through an exploratory literature review. Relevant publications from 2018 to 2025 were collected from Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, Google Scholar, and Garuda, and analyzed qualitatively by mapping SRBP syntax to inference indicators. Findings reveal that each SRBP stage contributes in distinct ways: Orientation supports pattern recognition, Science Reading enhances information integration, Design and Create develops hypothesis formulation, Progress of Project encourages data analysis, Analyze strengthens evidence-based reasoning, and Discussion and Communication promotes argumentation. SRBP offers a structured approach to developing conceptual inference skills in science learning. This review provides a conceptual framework for linking SRBP to scientific reasoning and highlights the need for future empirical studies with standardized instruments to validate its effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Nurrahman, Kartika Chrysti Suryandari, Sri Marmoah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From Grammar Games to Artificial Intelligence: Leveraging Innovative Technology Integration for Enhanced Language Learning
Grammatical accuracy remains a persistent challenge for many university students studying English, despite frequent engagement with academic texts and writing tasks. Traditional grammar instruction in higher education typically emphasizes rule memorization and instructor feedback. Although these methods have value, they often fail to address diverse learner needs or support sustained mastery. While previous research has explored Artificial Intelligence in general language learning, its specific application to grammar instruction in higher education has received limited attention. This study employed a qualitative case study approach to investigate the integration of AI-driven tools in grammar instruction for undergraduate English majors. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with students and educators, and analysis of student work supported by AI-assisted grammar tools. The findings revealed that AI-generated feedback encouraged students to engage more actively in self- correction, improved their grammatical awareness, and fostered greater learner autonomy. Educators recognized AI as a valuable supplementary resource that complemented traditional teaching. However, the study also uncovered that students who relied heavily on AI feedback showed reduced creativity in language expression, tending to prioritize error-free writing over experimentation with style and voice. This highlights both the potential and the limitations of AI-supported grammar instruction and suggests the need for balanced integration that enhances accuracy without diminishing creativity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muthia Mutmainnah Darmuh, Winda Ayu Utami Rhamadanty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Misconceptions in Environmental Learning: A Four-Tier Diagnostic Study in Indonesian Primary Education
This study investigates the misconceptions held by fifth-grade elementary students in learning Natural and Social Sciences. Employing a descriptive quantitative approach, the research utilizes a Four-Tier Diagnostic Test designed to measure not only students’ conceptual understanding but also their confidence levels and reasoning behind their answers. The results reveal that 41.4% of students correctly understood the material, while 35.1% demonstrated misconceptions, and 23.2% fell into the category of not understanding. A deeper analysis indicated that students frequently chose "don’t know" as a justification, especially on items requiring an understanding of the interrelationship between environmental factors. These findings highlight the persistence of intuitive, yet scientifically inaccurate reasoning, often stemming from daily experiences or insufficient instructional strategies. The study underscores the need for more diverse and contextual teaching methods, including visual media, collaborative discussions, and real-world environmental exploration. Such strategies are essential for correcting misunderstandings and enhancing conceptual comprehension. The diagnostic insight provided by the Four-Tier Test enables educators to design targeted and adaptive learning interventions that respond directly to the identified misconceptions. This research affirms the critical role of diagnostic assessments in improving the quality of science education at the elementary level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nathania Janani Haryanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Blended English for Vocational Learners: Mixed-Methods Evidence on Student Engagement and Reading Gains in a Batam High School
Blended learning, which combines traditional classroom instruction with online activities, is increasingly recognized as a powerful approach in English Language Teaching. Offering flexibility and promoting active engagement is promising for vocational education, where English reading comprehension is crucial for academic and career success. This study examined the impact of blended learning on student engagement and reading comprehension in a vocational high school in Batam, Indonesia. Adopting a sequential explanatory mixed-method design, the research involved 80 second-grade students selected through cluster sampling and divided into experimental and control groups. Quantitative data were collected through pre- and post-tests of reading comprehension and a 25-item engagement questionnaire. Qualitative data were obtained from semi-structured interviews with six students representing high, moderate, and low engagement levels to complement these findings. The results demonstrated that blended learning significantly improved reading comprehension, with the experimental group achieving higher post-test scores than the control group. The questionnaire indicated that students generally displayed moderate to high levels of engagement across behavioral, emotional, cognitive, technological, and satisfaction dimensions. However, interviews revealed variations, particularly in emotional and cognitive engagement, influenced by factors such as confidence, motivation, and preferences for instructional style. The study proves blended learning enhances engagement and reading comprehension in vocational ELT contexts. These findings highlight the importance of integrating digital tools with face-to-face instruction, offering valuable implications for teachers, schools, and policymakers seeking to better prepare students for the demands of the global workforce.
Copyright (c) 2025 M. Rabiddin Hussien, Bachtiar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Beyond Algorithms: A Portrait of Elementary Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Fractions
This study explores elementary teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge in the domain of fractions by analyzing their responses to fraction-based numeracy tasks and semi-structured interviews. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, five elementary teachers were asked to solve and explain fraction problems involving comparison, equivalence, addition, student misconceptions, and curriculum connections. The analysis focused on four dimensions of PCK: Content Knowledge, Knowledge of Students, Knowledge of Instructional Strategies, and Knowledge of Curriculum. The findings reveal that although all participants demonstrated procedural fluency in solving fraction tasks, their pedagogical orientations varied considerably. Two teachers exhibited a Procedural-Focused orientation, relying primarily on algorithmic procedures with limited conceptual explanation or use of representations. One teacher demonstrated an Algorithmic-Partial orientation, characterized by heavy dependence on rules and the presence of misconceptions. Two teachers showed more advanced orientations: one displayed Conceptual-Reflective PCK through the use of visual representations and anticipation of student misconceptions, while another demonstrated Integrated PCK by balancing procedural accuracy with conceptual understanding, effective representations, and explicit alignment with the national curriculum. These findings indicate that algorithmic competence alone is insufficient to support meaningful learning of fractions. Teachers who integrated conceptual explanations, representations, and curricular awareness were better positioned to address student thinking and misconceptions. This study contributes to the literature by illustrating a spectrum of teachers’ PCK profiles in the Indonesian context and highlights the need for professional development programs that support teachers in moving beyond algorithm-focused instruction toward more integrated and conceptually grounded approaches to teaching fractions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mira Amelia Amri, Apit Dulyapit, Mahmud Yunus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrating Deep Learning and Creativity in English Education: A Conceptual Framework for 21st-Century Classrooms
The growing presence of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has reshaped how English language learning is conceptualized and enacted. Among AI-driven innovations, deep learning has emerged not only as a computational model but also as a pedagogical orientation capable of supporting deeper engagement and creative language use. This conceptual study examines how deep learning can be leveraged to foster creativity in English language education, with particular reference to primary and secondary EFL contexts in Indonesia, where a deep learning–oriented approach has been incorporated into the national education agenda. Using a systematic conceptual review, the study synthesizes interdisciplinary literature on deep learning and AI in education, TESOL pedagogy, creativity in language learning, and learning science, alongside relevant policy documents. The analysis yields three interrelated insights: creativity as a core process in English language learning; the pedagogical affordances of AI-powered deep learning for linguistic experimentation and reflective revision; and an integrative framework of mindful, meaningful, and joyful learning. By reframing deep learning as a pedagogical resource rather than a technical tool, this study offers a theoretically grounded framework for creativity-oriented English language instruction and outlines implications for curriculum design and teacher practice.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alpino Susanto, Sri Langgeng, Albert Efendi , Bherti Angelia, Prudensia Mawar Hure, Mubih Ihtajuddin Hammas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrating 21st-Century Skills into Foundational English Language Teaching: Insights from Teachers’ Practices
The integration of 21st-century skills, Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, and Communication (4C), alongside digital literacy is essential for equipping students for future educational activities. This study examines the integration of these abilities by foundational-level English teachers into their classroom activities. Data were gathered from four English teachers utilizing a qualitative case study design, employing semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The result indicated that teachers developed critical thinking through problem-based tasks and comparative analysis, stimulated creativity via project-based assignments, facilitated cooperation through structured group activities, and improved communication through presentations and peer evaluation. Digital literacy was introduced through the strategic application of online films, educational applications, and monitored internet inquiries. Teachers stated that the use of 4C skills enhanced students' motivation, confidence, and involvement. Nonetheless, they encountered obstacles like time limitations, diverse student skill levels, and limited access to digital resources. Teachers overcame these obstacles by modifying assignments, employing minimal resources, and gradually integrating 4C components into their instruction. The findings highlight the necessity of providing teachers with professional development and tools to optimize the integration of 21st-century skills in English language instruction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Juhana, Sylvia, Maya Puspitasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Interference of the Mother Tongue on the English Speaking Skill Development
Language functions as a primary tool for communication to express intentions, ideas, and thoughts. A first language or mother tongue is naturally acquired through early interactions with family and the surrounding environment. As learners grow older, they often acquire a second language, such as English, either naturally or through formal instruction. However, during second language acquisition, mother tongue interference frequently occurs, particularly in speaking skills. This study aims to identify the common speaking difficulties experienced by students as a result of mother tongue interference and to explore the strategies they use to overcome these challenges. Employing a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method, the study involved students from three classes: Class X, XI C, and XI D. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and documentation. The data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive analysis model and open coding techniques proposed by Strauss and Corbin. Data validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The findings reveal that mother tongue interference consistently appears in three major aspects: grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary. Students tend to directly translate sentence structures from their native language, produce pronunciations influenced by local sounds, and mix languages when encountering vocabulary limitations. To address these difficulties, students apply independent learning strategies such as watching English films, reading, listening to English songs, and engaging in informal conversations. The study concludes that although mother tongue interference poses challenges in speaking proficiency, it can be minimized through autonomous learning and supportive English language exposure.
Copyright (c) 2025 Khadijah Maming, Andhini Ramadhani Idris, Sudarmanto, Sianna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The influence e-service quality, brand image, and sales promotion on repurchase intentions on the platform e-commerce Tokopedia.
The rapid development of information technology has transformed conventional trading activities into digital transactions e-commerce platforms. Tokopedia, as one of the largest e-commerce platforms in Indonesia, increasing competition and a noticeable decline in user numbers, which may indicate decreasing repurchase intention. This study to analyze the effect of e-service quality, brand image, and sales promotion on repurchase intention among Tokopedia users. This research employs a quantitative approach using a descriptive and verificative research design. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to 170 Tokopedia users selected using purposive sampling. The questionnaire measured four main variables: e-service quality, brand image, sales promotion, and repurchase intention. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26, including validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination (R²), and hypothesis testing through t-test and F-test at a 5% significance level. The results indicate that e-service quality, brand image, and sales promotion each have a positive and significant effect on repurchase intention, both partially and simultaneously. Among the three independent variables, sales promotion shows the strongest influence on repurchase intention. The coefficient of determination reveals that 85.5% of the variation in repurchase intention can be explained by e-service quality, brand image, and sales promotion, while the remaining 14.5% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. These findings suggest that improving electronic service performance, strengthening brand image, and implementing effective sales promotion strategies are crucial to enhancing consumer repurchase intention on the Tokopedia e-commerce platform.
Copyright (c) 2025 Asri Agustin Lestari, Tegar Aditya Ramadhan Yusuf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
COCOA RESTORATION AND AGRIBUSINESS TRANSFORMATION: A SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND INSTITUTIONAL SUSTAINABILITY PERSPECTIVE
This study aims to analyze farmers' perspectives on cocoa sustainability, the urgency of restoration, and the impact of cocoa agribusiness restoration on farm productivity. The research was conducted in Luwu and Soppeng Regencies, South Sulawesi, from November 2023 to March 2024, using a quantitative approach and involving a sample of 135 cocoa farmers. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative analysis through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using Smart PLS 4.0 and qualitative descriptive analysis. The findings indicate that farmer institutions have a positive and significant effect on cocoa agribusiness recovery (t = 2.719, p = 0.006), underscoring the critical role of cooperatives, farmer groups, and government agencies in shaping norms, providing resources, and expanding networks to enhance production and marketing. Conversely, farmers’ social capital does not exhibit a significant influence (t = 0.843, p = 0.399), which is attributed to low community participation, limited access to information, and inadequate skills in agricultural product management. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening institutional frameworks and enhancing economic incentives to support sustainable transformation in the cocoa sector. The policy implications suggest the development of a restoration model that prioritizes economic and institutional dimensions as the main pillars of cocoa agribusiness sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ariady Arsal, Rahim Darma, Hatta Jamil, Naurha Rhamadani, Dian Suardi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From Evidence to Practice: A Mixed-Method Study of Deep Learning and Nature-Based Learning for Fostering Creativity in Early Childhood
Creativity is a foundational competency in early childhood education, yet teacher-centered routines and assessment-driven practices often curtail children’s authentic exploration. This paper examines how deep-learning strategies can be integrated with nature-based learning to foster creativity in developmentally appropriate ways. We adopted a mixed-method design: a Systematic Literature Review (2014–2024) that identified 41 eligible studies, and a needs analysis with 45 stakeholders (teachers, school leaders, curriculum developers) using surveys and follow-up interviews. The review shows that nature-based pedagogies reliably support divergent thinking, problem-solving, and socio-emotional well-being through multisensory, open-ended activities, whereas current deep-learning applications in early childhood are concentrated on personalization and assessment rather than creativity. Field data indicate strong practitioner openness to hybrid approaches—conditional on teacher mediation, minimal screen time, privacy-by-design, and feasibility under infrastructure constraints. Synthesizing both strands, we propose a nature-first, tech-light framework: outdoor provocations as the creative engine; AI used for low-intrusion documentation, pattern-spotting, and reflective prompts; offline-first delivery; and assessment that privileges portfolios and observational rubrics over narrow screen-based proxies. The study advances the field by translating scattered evidence into implementable design requirements and by offering a context-sensitive pathway for scaling creativity-oriented hybrid pedagogy in early childhood settings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ayu Riagandi, Erie Siti Syarah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Methodological Review of Communication Network Analysis (CNA)
This study reviews the application of Communication Network Analysis (CNA) as a research method. CNA is a theoretical approach and a set of research techniques that focus on mapping the relationships between actors within a social structure. Studying CNA is crucial because it can visually map out social structures, identify the central players in an issue, and reveal the influential figures working behind the scenes. While it may seem more straightforward than quantitative statistical analysis, CNA presents its own unique challenges. Researchers may find it difficult to identify a network that is relevant to the research's urgency. Other challenges include difficulty in meeting with high-ranking officials or obtaining data from respondents who consider their relationships to be private. In conclusion, Communication Network Analysis is an interesting and relevant social research method to apply in an academic setting.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suciana Wijirahayu, Asyam Ahmad Fathin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Multidisciplinary Evaluation of the Impact of Sand and Stone Mining on Water Quality and the Kampar River Ecosystem
The Kampar River serves as a vital, important freshwater system that sustains ecological processes and provides essential resources for surrounding communities. However, intensive sand and stone mining activities have created increasing pressures on this ecosystem, raising concerns about long-term sustainability. Although mining generates substantial economic returns, its adverse impacts extend beyond ecological degradation, encompassing hydromorphological alterations, reduced biodiversity, and social conflicts. This study employs a multidisciplinary framework to evaluate the impacts of riverbed mining on water quality and ecosystem health, integrating ecological, socioeconomic, and institutional dimensions. Field research was conducted between May and August 2024 across four villages in Tambang District, Kampar Regency, combining water quality monitoring, field observations, and community interviews with secondary datasets such as satellite imagery and official reports. Analytical techniques included physicochemical testing, descriptive assessments, and SWOT analysis to formulate management strategies. The findings indicate a significant decline in water quality, with recorded temperatures of 30.6–34°C, acidic pH levels around 5.2–5.6, and turbidity slightly above national Class II standards. These changes, coupled with continuous dredging, accelerate riverbed deepening, increase the risk of bank collapse, and contribute to declining fish populations and catches. Socially, uncontrolled extraction generates community tensions and heightens socioeconomic disparities, threatening local resilience. SWOT analysis emphasizes strategies such as strengthening regulations, fostering cross-sectoral collaboration, and empowering community-based stewardship. This research provides a comprehensive evidence base to inform sustainable watershed governance, supporting evidence-based and locally grounded decision-making, ensuring ecological integrity, social well-being, and economic development are effectively balanced in managing the Kampar River.
Copyright (c) 2025 budijono budijono, Sofian Hadi, Aras Mulyadi, Ridwan Manda Putra, Endang Purnawati Rahayu, Eni Sumiarsih, Rizka Aprisanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Implications of Implementing Sustainable Economic Innovation in 3 (three) Cement Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the Period 2022-2024
The implementation of sustainable economic innovation is an action that supports sustainable development, which not only prioritizes profit but also considers the social and environmental impacts resulting from the company's production and operational processes. By implementing sustainable economic innovation, it’s hoped that it will lead to increased income with minimal environmental damage and social impact. Currently, the implementation of this innovation is being carried out across all business lines, including cement companies. Cement companies in Indonesia have a negative impact on the environment and society, therefore, sustainable economics must be considered when conducting business. The research results showed an increase in revenue for the 3 (three) companies that implemented sustainable economics: PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, PT Indocement Tunggal Prakasa, Tbk, and PT Cemindo Gemilang, Tbk. These three companies were selected based on the criteria of being cement companies listed on the IDX with comprehensive sustainability reports and actively implementing sustainable innovations in their operations. Besides the impact of increased revenue, it also has an impact on the reduction of waste generated. One of the methods was to convert the waste produced into fuel and alternative raw materials and extend the product lifecycle. The data collection method used literature study based on the company's annual reports, sustainability reports, and publications related to sustainable economic innovation. The high initial investment and excess production capacity are challenges faced by the company in implementing sustainable economic innovation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Citra Nur Izati Izati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
English Linguistic Competence for the Career of Engineer: the Voice of Students and Employees
English linguistic competence has become increasingly central to engineering career development, particularly in globalized industries where communication, documentation, and cross-functional collaboration occur predominantly in English. In Indonesia, this demand is intensified by the growth of multinational sectors such as electronics, shipbuilding, and oil and gas, yet limited evidence integrates both student and industry viewpoints on how linguistic competence influences workplace readiness, wellbeing, and employability. This qualitative study investigates perceptions of final-semester engineering students and industry employees regarding (1) the importance of English linguistic competence for engineers, (2) the perceived proficiency of Indonesian engineering graduates, and (3) the forms of preparation required for securing employment in multinational companies. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six engineering students from two private universities and five employees holding managerial or supervisory roles in Batam-based multinational firms. Data were transcribed, cleaned, and coded using iterative thematic analysis. Three themes emerged: English proficiency functions as a hiring gatekeeper that shapes early career mobility; graduates display competence gaps that require compensatory adaptation in the workplace; and limited preparatory pathways in universities and companies result in insufficient engineering-specific English development. Findings reveal a persistent misalignment between academic English instruction and workplace communicative demands. Both groups emphasized the need for domain-specific linguistic preparation to support engineers’ performance, wellbeing, and long-term career progression. The study underscores the necessity for coordinated efforts among universities, employers, and policymakers to integrate industry-relevant English communication training into engineering education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alpino Susanto, Sri Langgeng Ratnasari, Adam, Zahrotul Milla, Nurul Izza Istiqomah, Urfi Rahmaini, Hendri Afrinal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From Scroll to Skill: A Multidisciplinary Exploration of English Language Learning through Social Media Content
The emergence of social media platforms is transforming how EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners engage directly with real content, creating new opportunities for second language acquisition beyond the classroom. TikTok and similar platforms have emerged as major venues for socially engaged, entertaining-educative short content that directly links language with technology and communication. The current research explored how students from different backgrounds use social media for English learning and which types of content they find most influential. A descriptive design based on surveys was employed to gather data through questionnaires handed out to a variety of participants in the research context, including students, staff, and other community individuals. The findings indicate that learners interact with English material on social media sites, exhibiting variations in usage and preferences according to the professional affiliations of the learner participants. Learners preferred entertaining-educational videos, interactive language advice, and culturally focused content the most. This research confirms the significance of social media as a multifaceted learning environment since it integrates education, communication, and digital skills. This study contributes to scholarship by offering insights for educators, content creators, and policymakers to create more effective, readily available, and contextually appropriate resources for learning English.
Copyright (c) 2025 Elan Zaky Susanto, Tri Pujiani, Muhammad Soali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Project-Based Learning in a Language Learning Media Course: Integrating Technology, Language Proficiency, and Multidiciplinary Skills
In the context of the 21st century, in preparing prospective teachers to develop and implement creative language learning media as well as integrate higher order thinking skills with technology, equipping future teachers with the competencies to design and implement creative language learning media is imperative. Project-Based Learning (PjBL) is a recognized pedagogical approach that fills the need for collaborative, creative, and critical thinking and also facilitates language learning. The purpose of this study was to explore how PjBL was applied during a Language Learning Media course and investigate students’ perceptions of their learning experience. This project was conducted as a descriptive case study at the English Education Department at Universitas Harapan Bangsa and data was collected from classroom observations and semi-structured student interviews. The analysis of the data illustrates how PjBL promoted authentic engagement with technology, and provided students a meaningful way to use English while they created instructional media. Students reported that they perceived PjBL as motivating, applicable, and relevant to their future careers, however, they also encountered challenges including time management and uneven student contribution. This study not only adds to the research on PjBL in teacher education but it illustrates how PjBL may be able to integrate language skills and technology skills. It also can inform teacher educators on creating a reflective, and student-centered course of study.
Copyright (c) 2025 Firman Sah, Tri Pujiani, Muhammad Soali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Teachers’ digital literacy of different teaching career phases at Muhammadiyah High Schools in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Mastering English will give students added value in getting more job choices, increasing the payment rate and scholarship opportunities, and opening the window to a new world and knowledge. The Indonesian Government makes English compulsory in high school because of its importance. Therefore, English teachers must keep abreast of the fast-changing world's challenges, especially in integrating technology into teaching and learning. This matter is more evident in this pandemic, where learning has moved to online or hybrid. It is essential to know the ICT skills of English teachers to figure out their ICT literacy level and to what extent they integrate technology in their teaching-learning process. This study will use phenomenology in qualitative methodology to understand the phenomenon. The participants are the English teachers at Muhammadiyah High School in Yogyakarta. They are categorized by age and length of service to determine each group's characteristics. The data collection used in-depth and semi-structured interviews to dig into the participants' perspectives. The transcribed data were then analyzed using coding with the help of NVIVO qualitative data analysis. The result expected from this study is the description of the knowledge, experience, and digital literacy among the English teachers at Muhammadiyah High School in Yogyakarta, at different age groups and teaching experience, to design training and professional learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Noor Qomaria Agustina, Gendroyono, Eko Purwanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Transforming Literacy Learning in Elementary Schools through Deep Learning
Reading and writing literacy is a fundamental skill that forms the foundation of both cognitive and social development for elementary school students. However, literacy instruction in many schools remains largely conventional, emphasizing rote memorization and technical drills, with limited opportunities to cultivate critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration. This study aims to examine the transformation of literacy instruction through the implementation of a deep learning approach in elementary schools. The research employed a descriptive design combining simple quantitative methods with qualitative observation. The participants were Grade 2 students in an elementary school, with a control group receiving conventional instruction and an experimental group engaged in deep learning–based instruction. Data were collected through literacy tests (fluency, comprehension, spelling, and writing structure), classroom observations, and teacher interviews. The results indicate significant improvements in the experimental group compared to the control, with an average literacy gain of 15%, particularly in reading comprehension (18%) and reading fluency (15%). Observations further revealed increased student participation in discussions, greater confidence in expressing ideas, and enhanced creativity in story writing. These findings suggest that deep learning not only strengthens technical literacy skills but also fosters adaptive, meaningful, and 21st-century–aligned learning experiences. The study concludes that the application of deep learning holds transformative potential for literacy instruction in elementary schools. Nevertheless, its scope remains limited to a small-scale, short-term implementation, highlighting the need for broader and more longitudinal studies to examine the sustainability of its impact.
Copyright (c) 2025 Duhita Savira Wardani, Ryan Dwi Puspita, Deden Herdiana Altaftazani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Potential Economic Value of Water Resources for Sustainable Enviroment: a Case Study in Tahura Lati Petangis, Paser
Water resources are an important asset in supporting environmental sustainability and local economic development. This study aims to analyze the economic value potential of water resources in the Lati Petangis Forest Park (Tahura), Paser Regency, East Kalimantan, in supporting environmental sustainability. The Individual Travel Cost Method (ITCM) was used to estimate the economic value of water resources for recreational purposes. The potential economic value of water use was calculated based on household water consumption. The ITCM model, using multiple linear regression, had an R-square value of 0.244 with a significance level of 0.00010584, indicating that the model could statistically significantly explain the variability in tourist visits. The variables of travel time (p-value 0.003), availability of substitutes (p-value 0.004), and income level (p-value 0.017) significantly influence tourist visitation levels. The consumer surplus generated reached Rp 150,543,646,200 with an economic value of Rp 23,189,633,151, indicating the significant economic benefits tourists derive from utilizing water resources in this area. The utilization of water resources as a source of clean water for the community generates an economic value of household utilization reaching Rp 333 million per year. The research findings indicate that water resources in Tahura Lati Petangis have significant economic potential in supporting sustainable ecotourism development and meeting the basic needs of the community. The high consumer surplus indicates that tourists derive substantial economic benefits from their visits, exceeding the costs incurred. This confirms that sustainable water resource management not only contributes to environmental conservation but also has the potential to become a sustainable source of economic income for local communities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eni Rohkayati, Rahmawaty Rahmawaty, Endang Hernawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The Cultural intelligence and policy performance: exploring multicultural competency in public administration
This study aims to examine the relationship between cultural intelligence and policy performance in the context of increasingly multicultural public administration. In an era of globalization and intensive migration, public officials are faced with the challenge of designing and implementing policies that are sensitive to cultural diversity. Using a literature review method, this study examines key theories and empirical findings related to the role of cultural intelligence in enhancing the multicultural competence of government officials and its impact on the effectiveness of public policy. The results indicate that cultural intelligence not only contributes to increased cross-cultural communication capacity but also strengthens the legitimacy, inclusiveness, and responsiveness of policies to the needs of diverse community groups. This study recommends integrating cultural intelligence training into human resource development programs in the public sector as a strategy to promote more adaptive and equitable governance in a multicultural society. Keywords: Cultural intelligence, policy performance, multicultural competence, public administration
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Putu Ari Setiawati, Susanti, Putu Tirka Widanti, Made Sumada https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Implementation of Differentiated Learning Models in Improving the Quality of Teaching Practices of Elementary School Teachers
This study aims to describe the implementation of differentiated learning models in teaching practices in elementary schools and analyze their contribution to improving the quality of learning. This study is based on the observation that teachers' teaching practices in the field are often still homogeneous and less responsive to the diverse abilities, interests, and learning styles of students. On the other hand, the Merdeka Curriculum emphasizes adaptive and student-centered learning. Using a qualitative approach and case study design, this study involved elementary school teachers as participants. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of teaching materials. Analysis was conducted using Miles and Huberman's interactive model, which consists of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Findings indicate that the implementation of differentiated learning improves the quality of teaching practices, particularly in lesson planning, classroom management, and evaluation that are more responsive to student needs. At the same time, this study identified several challenges faced by teachers, including limited conceptual understanding, technical skills, and institutional support. These findings highlight the role of differentiated learning as a transformative strategy that not only improves teacher professionalism but also strengthens the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in elementary schools
Copyright (c) 2025 Ronny Mugara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The Effectiveness of Contextual Learning Methods on Argumentative Text Writing Skills in Elementary School Students
This research examines the effectiveness of contextual learning methods based on cognitive learning theory in improving argumentation writing skills among 6th-grade elementary school students. Grounded in the cognitive constructivism principles of Piaget and Vygotsky's zone of proximal development theory, this study employs a qualitative approach to analyze how students construct argumentative knowledge through contextual experiences. The learning analysis focuses on two main aspects: contextual learning methods and argumentation writing skills. Data was collected through participatory observation, documentation of written portfolios, and semi-structured interviews with students. The results of the study indicate that contextual learning methods aligned with cognitive principles have a positive impact on students' ability to formulate logical arguments, use supporting evidence, and develop coherent text structures. The scaffolding process in contextual learning helps students develop cognitive schemes about argumentation and enhances metacognition while writing. Students show increased motivation and active engagement in the learning process when the material is linked to relevant cognitive real-life experiences. These findings indicate that a contextual approach combined with cognitive learning theory has the potential to be an effective strategy for developing argumentative writing skills at the elementary education level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wina Kurniati, nirmaladewi@ecampus.ut.ac.id https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in English as a Foreign Language Learning: A Systematic Review
This study presents a systematic literature review on the integration of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) into English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction, drawing on publications from 2022 to 2025. Guided by Duque et al.’s (2024) methodological framework, the review synthesizes empirical and theoretical insights from peer-reviewed studies retrieved from Google Scholar, Copernicus, and Scopus. Findings reveal that MOOCs, whether implemented independently or in conjunction with flipped instruction, Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), or self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies, significantly enhance learners’ reading comprehension, communicative competence, motivation, self-efficacy, and intercultural awareness. Moreover, discourse innovations such as engagement markers are shown to sustain learner agency in digital environments, while theoretical applications of Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) and Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT) underscore the importance of managing cognitive demands and aligning learner expectations. Despite these promising outcomes, notable gaps remain, including the scarcity of longitudinal studies, limited participant diversity, and the absence of comprehensive instructional design models. The review concludes that MOOCs hold transformative potential for reshaping EFL pedagogy into more flexible, learner-centered, and globally relevant practices. However, their long-term efficacy will depend on sustained empirical inquiry, the integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, and the development of holistic frameworks that address cognitive, affective, and intercultural dimensions simultaneously.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sylvia, Bachtiar, Widya Rizki Pratiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
English as Foreign Language Learners’ Strategies for Translating In-Game Texts
This qualitative study investigates the strategies that Indonesian EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners use to translate English texts within online games. As digital games have become a widespread form of entertainment, they also provide opportunities for incidental language learning and informal translation practice. The English texts found in games—including instructions, dialogues, and item descriptions—require players to interpret meaning in real time, often without formal language instruction. Using open-ended questionnaires, the study collected data from ten purposively selected participants who regularly play online games. The findings identify four dominant translation strategies: contextual guessing, using digital translation tools, cultural interpretation and adaptation, and motivation-driven language engagement. The most common strategy was contextual guessing, which involved using narrative and visual cues. This was closely followed by the use of digital tools like Google Translate and online dictionaries. The study also found that some learners used more advanced strategies, such as adapting idioms and culturally specific expressions to retain their original meaning in Indonesian. Furthermore, learners' intrinsic motivation—whether to succeed in the game or to improve their English skills—played a significant role in encouraging them to engage with the language. The study concludes that online gaming environments can foster authentic language exposure, promote problem-solving skills in translation, and enhance learners' linguistic and cultural awareness. These insights suggest that game-based contexts could be a valuable tool for EFL educators and curriculum designers, complementing traditional methods for teaching translation and language competence in informal settings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suciana Wijirahayu, Sonia Wulandayant, Siswana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Digital Literacy Practices of Pre-service English Teachers: An Analytical Study
This study investigates the level of digital literacy among pre-service English teachers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, in response to the increasing demands of technology integration in education. Employing a quantitative descriptive research design, data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to 105 students of the English Language Education Department at a private university. The instrument, validated by expert judgment and tested for reliability using Cronbach’s Alpha (α = 0.956), measured various components of digital literacy, including information literacy, media literacy, digital scholarship, creativity, communication, collaboration, and digital citizenship. The findings reveal that the participants demonstrated a high level of digital literacy, with an overall mean score of 3.41 out of 4. The most dominant component was information literacy, reflecting students’ strong ability to search, evaluate, and manage digital resources, while aspects such as digital identity and advanced creative skills were less frequently mastered. The study highlights that pre-service English teachers not only possess technological competence but also awareness of intellectual property rights and ethical practices in digital environments. These findings underscore the need for continuous training and curriculum development to strengthen underdeveloped areas of digital literacy, ensuring that future English teachers are fully prepared to integrate technology into 21st-century classrooms..
Copyright (c) 2025 Suryanto Suryanto, Bara Adam Firdaus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The Meaning of Passenger Satisfaction in Using Face Recognition Technology and On-Time Service: PT KAI Phenomenological Study
The purpose of this literature study is to develop a hypothesis regarding the influence of variables that can be used for further research in the field of marketing management. The research article on the meaning of passenger satisfaction in using face recognition technology and the timeliness of service is a scientific literature article in the field of marketing management. The approach used in this literature review is a descriptive qualitative one. The data collection technique is to use a literature study or to review relevant previous articles. The data used in this descriptive qualitative approach comes from previous research applicable to this research and is sourced from academic online media such as Thomson Reuters, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Scopus Emerald, Elsevier, Sage, Web of Science, Sinta Journal, DOAJ, EBSCO, Google Scholar, and digital reference books. The results of this literature review article are: 1) The use of Face Recognition Technology affects Passenger Satisfaction at PT. KAI; and 2) On Time Service affects Passenger Satisfaction at PT. KAI.
Copyright (c) 2025 Devi Marlita; Indriyati Indriyati, Lis Lesmini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The The Role and Advantages of Ice-Breaking Activities in Primary School English Classrooms
This study investigates the implementation and impact of ice- breaking activities on student engagement and classroom atmosphere in primary school English language learning. Employing a classroom action research (CAR) approach, the study followed the spiral model of Kemmis and McTaggart, which includes four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection.The research was conducted with fourth-grade students at a private elementary school in South Tangerang. Data were collected over three action cycles using multiple methods, including classroom observation, open-ended interviews, instructional documentation, and a teacher's reflective journal.The findings reveal that the systematic application of ice-breaking activities at the beginning of lessons significantly enhances student participation, improves classroom interaction dynamics, and increases learning motivation. Furthermore, the study provided teachers with new insights into selecting appropriate ice-breaking formats tailored to students' characteristics and the subject matter.Based on these results, the study recommends integrating ice-breaking activities as a key component of active learning strategies within the lesson plans (RPP) for elementary-level education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suciana Wijirahayu, Try Suheri Effendi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Reflective Autoethnography on the Evolution of Teacher Professional Identity
This autoethnographic study explores the evolving professional identity of an English teacher within the senior high school classroom context. Recognizing teacher professional identity as a dynamic and multifaceted construct shaped by personal experiences, institutional demands, and interactional practices, the study examines how classroom interactions and reflective practices contribute to the teacher’s ongoing development. Drawing on the author’s own journey from early English exposure in a multilingual environment through university teaching experiences, this research highlights the emotional and contextual dimensions of identity formation. It emphasizes the role of self-reflection, mentorship, and collaborative learning in negotiating professional roles and beliefs. The findings advocate for teacher education programs that support reflective inquiry and acknowledge informal learning pathways, underscoring teacher identity as a lifelong, dialogical process rather than a fixed state. This study contributes to better understanding how English teachers adapt and grow in response to the challenges of diverse classroom environments, ultimately informing strategies for enhancing teaching effectiveness and learner outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Shinta Shinta, Lina, Rahma, Yuli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Implications of Land Use and Housing Policies on the Existence of Subak as a Socio-Ecological System: A Case Study in Buleleng Regency, Bali
Subak as a socio-spatial and socio-ecological arena, a basis for land defense, water balance, and soil conservation in ancient Balinese knowledge. However, developmentalism has led to the degradation of this land-based system rooted in Tri Hita Karana. Land use policies position the subak in a particular way. Thus, the gigantism of development dominates Buleleng's spatial planning. This research aims to deconstruct the conversion of subak in Buleleng. This research applies a case study approach. This approach elaborates on specific phenomena. By refocusing subak as a spatial entity, as well as the destructive potential of land regulation in Buleleng. The case study in this research was implemented thru observation, interviews, and literature review. Empirically, land conversion and development-oriented regulations create disequilibrium, particularly in subak land management. In the postmodern paradigm, subak as the epicenter of harmonization was marginalized by the ‘myth of progress’. The inequivalence and implications are evident in the closure of water irrigation or the creation of conflict between farmers and developers. On the other hand, regulations that transformed the local agrarian system into housing disrupted the structure and distribution of resources in the subak system in Buleleng. Significantly, the findings of this research provide conclusions regarding the side effects of developmentalism, the conservation of subak areas, and the reformulation of regulations, which convergently draw attention to the existence of traditional land use systems. The contribution of this study provides theoretical and practical understanding that the sporadicization of conversion has a destructive impact on the essence of subak conservation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putu Ariadi Pribadi, Susanti Susanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
A Qualitative Study on the Percieved Effect of Ginger Tea Consumption on Menstrual Pain
Menstrual pain is a common occurrence among women, with 80% of those surveyed in our close circle reporting experiencing it. This pain, characterized by discomfort in the lower abdomen during menstruation in the absence of any reproductive organ abnormalities, can manifest before or during the menstrual cycle. Non-pharmacological approaches, such as consuming herbal drinks like boiled ginger water, are popular among women for alleviating menstrual pain. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of ginger tea in reducing the intensity of menstrual pain. Gingerol, an active compound in ginger, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can alleviate menstrual pain. It achieves this by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, chemicals that trigger uterine muscle and blood vessel contractions, leading to pain. This research aims to determine the effect of consuming boiled ginger water on the intensity of menstrual pain in women within our close circle.This study employs a mix method with a descriptive-quantitative design as a start. Data collection, interpretation, and presentation of results are included. A total of 25 women from our close circle participated in this research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suciana Wijirahayu, Nova Dwi Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Teacher Perspectives and Classroom Insights on Using Augmented Reality for Vocabulary Instruction in Elementary English Education
The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) into language education has shown promise in enhancing learner engagement and supporting vocabulary development, particularly among young learners. This study investigates how in-service and pre-service elementary English teachers perceive and implement an AR-based language learning tool to facilitate vocabulary instruction. Drawing on qualitative data from teacher interviews and classroom observations, the study addresses two primary research questions: (1) How do teachers perceive and describe the effectiveness of the AR tool in supporting vocabulary acquisition? and (2) What observable changes in student engagement and vocabulary use emerge when the tool is integrated into vocabulary lessons? Findings reveal that both groups of teachers view AR as a motivating and effective medium for vocabulary learning, noting its potential to support multimodal input and contextualized language use. Classroom observations indicate increased student participation, attentiveness, and meaningful vocabulary use during AR-enhanced lessons. The study contributes to the growing body of research on technology-enhanced language learning by highlighting the instructional value of AR and offering practical insights into its integration within elementary English education. Implications include the need for targeted teacher training on AR integration and the development of pedagogically grounded AR tools that align with language learning objectives in early education contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fitria Rahmawati, Sittie Noffaisah B. Pasandalan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Integrating Technology and Pedagogy in Elementary Education from the Teachers’ Perspective
The adoption of technology in elementary education has transformed teaching by improving lesson delivery and creating more engaging ways to support student learning. This study explores elementary school teachers’ understanding of the relationship between pedagogical content knowledge and technology in practice. Data were collected through interviews and classroom observations with teachers who actively used technology. Findings showed that teachers viewed technology as an essential resource that enhanced interactivity, made abstract content more concrete, and made learning enjoyable. Tools such as animated PowerPoint presentations, films, interactive quizzes, and multimedia games were commonly employed to sustain motivation and attention. Teachers reported that technology improved student participation, comprehension, and confidence, creating a more learner-centered classroom compared to traditional settings. They also indicated that digital tools allowed lessons to be customized, supporting both advanced and struggling learners more effectively. Despite these benefits, challenges such as limited facilities, unstable internet access, and extended preparation time were noted. Teachers emphasized that reliable infrastructure and continuous professional development were critical to strengthening technology use. This study concludes that technology, when effectively embedded in pedagogy, enhances engagement and actively reshapes teachers’ roles toward more student-centered frameworks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sitti Sakiyah Asbar, annisa syauqina kadar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Unleashing Peak Performance: How Human Relations, Work Discipline, and Work Ethic Drive Employee Success
This study examines the influence of human relations, work discipline, and work ethic on employee performance. Using a quantitative approach with a survey research design, data were collected from 250 employees in the manufacturing industry through a validated questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using SEM-PLS to test the research hypotheses. The results indicate that human relations and work ethic significantly improve employee performance, with each variable positively influencing and supporting the proposed hypothesis. However, work discipline contributes significantly negatively. Specifically, good human relations facilitate collaboration and motivation, work discipline decreases efficiency and consistency, and work ethic encourages commitment and dedication to tasks. These findings underscore the importance of managing interpersonal relationships, reviewing to reduce disciplinary strictness, and strengthening the work ethic in achieving employee success. The practical implication of this study is the urgent need for organizations to develop training programs and work cultures that support these three aspects to optimize employee performance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Saptaningsih Sumarmi, Samsudin, Andri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Exploring Hybrid Collaborative Learning: A Snapshot from Indonesian Undergraduate scholars
Numerous studies report that online collaborative English learning is potentially beneficial for cognitive, self-regulation, and interaction, while in a hybrid setting offers a combination of the flexibility of online and offline learning with the structured environment, immediate feedback and interactive opportunities. However, the investigation of employing online and hybrid collaborative learning in a higher education venue is infrequently delved into, particularly in the Grammar Course. Hence, this study aims to explore the students’ perspectives on online and hybrid collaborative English grammar classes. Under a descriptive quantitative small survey design, a 40-item questionnaire was administered to 70 university students in a private university in Jakarta, Indonesia. The results revealed a highly positive overall perception, with a mean score of 159.41 (SD = 14.63). Categorical analysis further strengthened this finding, showing that the majority of students held favorable views: 72.9% (n=51) were in the 'medium' perception category, and 15.7% (n=11) were in the 'high' category. Collectively, 88.6% of respondents demonstrated a positive perception, with only a small minority (11.4%, n=8) falling into the 'low' perception category. Moreover, These findings indicate a strong and widespread acceptance of the online, hybrid collaborative learning model, particularly in the English Grammar course, providing a positive signal for educators and institutions regarding its potential to foster student engagement. This research highlights the importance of considering both Grammar teachers and learners in optimizing the benefits of hybrid collaborative grammar learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hanna Sundari, Rina Husnaini Febriyanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The CFE Model of SME Financial Performance: Does Financial Literacy Really Matter?
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of emerging economies, yet their financial performance remains constrained by low financial literacy, limited capital, and weak managerial orientation. Prior studies show inconsistent findings on the direct impact of financial literacy on SME performance, suggesting the presence of mediating and moderating mechanisms that warrant systematic exploration. This study develops and tests the CFE model—Capital Adequacy, Financial Management Practices, and Entrepreneurial Orientation—to explain SME financial performance in Indonesia. Drawing on 110 SMEs in West Nusa Tenggara, data were collected through structured questionnaires in September 2025 and analyzed using structural equation modeling with Smart PLS 3.0. The results reveal that financial literacy has no direct effect on financial performance but exerts a significant indirect effect through dual mediation. Financial management practices emerge as the strongest mediator, while entrepreneurial orientation partially mediates the relationship. Contrary to expectations on previous studies, capital adequacy does not moderate the relationship but acts as a significant antecedent directly influencing financial performance. The model explains 44.2% of the variance in SME financial performance. These findings highlight that financial knowledge alone is insufficient; it must be consistently implemented through sound financial management practices to yield performance gains. The study contributes theoretically by integrating the Resource-Based View with Behavioral Theory and practically by offering policy implications that call for holistic SME development programs combining financial literacy training, practical mentoring, and entrepreneurial mindset enhancement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hariman Hariman, Martino Wibowo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
EFL Students’ Perception of Social Media as a Gateway to Global Culture
In the era of digital communication, social media has become a significant space for language learners to engage with global culture. This descriptive study explores how English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students perceive the role of social media platforms, such as YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok in raising their awareness of global culture. Grounded in the frameworks of Intercultural Communicative Competence and social constructivism, the study focuses on students’ experiences outside the classroom, where informal exposure to diverse lifestyles, values, and communication styles contributes to their language learning process. Data were collected through a 15-item Likert-scale questionnaire administered to 60 university students in an English Education program in Indonesia. The results, analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), reveal that students perceive social media as a useful and motivating tool for understanding global cultural practices, enhancing their interest in learning English, and becoming more open-minded toward cultural diversity. The findings suggest that integrating global content from social media into EFL instruction may support both linguistic development and intercultural competence in meaningful and practical ways.
Copyright (c) 2025 Deswita Aulia Maharani, Septiani Indah Pratiwi, Tantri Niwanda, Kiki Oktavianti Ginting, Elisma Sembiring, Hilda Manurung, Desi Surlitasari Dewi, Safnidar Siahaan, Sulastri Manurung, Juwita Boneka Sinaga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Needs for Folktale-Integrated English Materials: Enhancing Oral Proficiency, Learner Independence, and Cultural Understanding
The integration of local folktales into English language teaching is a culturally responsive approach that supports language skills while fostering learners’ identity and intercultural awareness. Developing such materials, however, requires a clear understanding of teacher and learner needs to ensure relevance and effectiveness. This study explores the specific needs of junior high school teachers and students in designing folktale-based English learning materials that promote speaking proficiency, learner autonomy, and cultural awareness. Using a qualitative case study within a research and development (R&D) framework, the study applied the 3D model (Define, Design, Develop), adapted from Thiagarajan, Semmel, and Semmel’s Four-D model. Data were collected through questionnaires, document analysis (curriculum, syllabus, lesson plans, and existing teaching materials), and fieldwork involving English teachers, who are also postgraduate students at Universitas Terbuka, and junior high school learners from schools across western, central, and eastern Indonesia. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to examine preferences, challenges, and expectations regarding folktale-based materials. Findings indicate three major needs: (1) interactive and accessible materials to strengthen speaking practice, (2) tasks that foster autonomy through reflective and collaborative learning, and (3) integration of cultural elements that connect local identity with global perspectives. These insights inform the development of prototypes such as folktale-based modules and flashcards that are both contextually relevant and pedagogically sound. The study contributes empirical evidence to English language education by demonstrating how needs analysis can guide the creation of culturally grounded materials that integrate language skills, learner autonomy, and cultural awareness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Widya Rizky Pratiwi, Juhana Juhana, Bachtiar Bachtiar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Teacher Challenges in Implementing Deep Learning in Elementary Mathematics
The deep learning approach is a learning strategy that emphasizes conceptual understanding, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. In the context of elementary school mathematics learning, this approach is increasingly important to equip students with meaningful and applicable mathematical competencies in real life situations. However, the implementation of deep learning in mathematics instruction still faces various challenges. This article aims to identify and analyze the barriers to applying the deep learning approach in elementary school mathematics learning. The review was conducted through a literature study of journal articles obtained from Google Scholar. From the initial search results, 12 journal articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria and were suitable for analysis. The findings indicate several obstacles, including limited instructional time that does not support exploratory learning processes, insufficient interactive facilities and media, and teachers’ limited understanding of the essence of deep learning. In addition, a curriculum that remains oriented toward procedural memorization and a conservative school culture reinforce resistance to innovative approaches. Students’ unpreparedness in dealing with exploratory methods also emerges as a significant challenge. The implications of these findings highlight that implementing deep learning in elementary mathematics requires systemic reforms, including continuous teacher training, strengthened learning infrastructure, and consistent policy support. Consequently, mathematics learning should not only focus on mastering formulas but also foster reflective thinking and contextual problem-solving skills relevant to everyday life.
Copyright (c) 2025 Novi Andri Nurcahyono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Integrating STEM Approaches in Elementary Science Education Toward Meaningful Learning
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education has become a priority in preparing students with the skills needed for the 21st century. At the elementary level, where foundational scientific understanding is built, the challenge lies in ensuring that learning is not limited to factual recall but promotes meaningful engagement. Meaningful learning occurs when students connect new knowledge to prior understanding and real-life experiences, enabling them to think critically, solve problems, and retain concepts more effectively. This paper aims to explore how STEM approaches can be integrated into elementary science education to promote meaningful learning. An integrative literature review was conducted, analyzing 18 peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2024. Data were gathered from Scopus, Google Scholar, and open-access journals using keywords such as “STEM in elementary education,” “meaningful learning,” and “inquiry-based STEM.” Articles were thematically analyzed across four dimensions: problem-solving and critical thinking, teacher readiness and professional development, cultural and contextual relevance, and the role of technology. The findings indicate that STEM projects framed around real-world issues enhance students’ problem-solving abilities, scientific literacy, and curiosity. Teachers’ preparedness strongly influences whether STEM activities result in surface-level engagement or deeper understanding, highlighting the need for professional development. Integrating cultural practices and everyday contexts was found to strengthen relevance, while technology enriched learning when applied as a tool for inquiry rather than as an end in itself. In conclusion, integrating STEM in elementary science fosters meaningful learning by connecting inquiry, culture, teacher capacity, and technology. This approach equips young learners with not only scientific knowledge but also the skills and dispositions essential for lifelong learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sylva sagita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Application of Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Learning Theory to Improve Reading Alough through Picture Stories
The background of this study is the low level of students' reading comprehension in Indonesian language learning using picture stories. This is because Indonesian language material is abstract and requires audio visualization and an engaging and interactive learning approach. The implementation of the cooperative model is considered effective because it encourages active student involvement in the learning process, while reading aloud through picture stories helps students understand concepts in Indonesian language learning. The subjects in this study were 32 first-grade students at SDN Cibeureum Mandiri 2 in Cimahi City. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Cooperative Model (CIRC) has increased reading comprehension using picture story teaching media, effectively learning Indonesian language. This Cooperative Learning Model enables students to play an active role in learning and helps them build a better understanding of concepts through reading aloud. This cooperative model also produces positive changes in students' perspectives on understanding through picture stories. This is evident in the students' increased conceptual understanding, their ability to apply concepts, their high reading interest due to engaging and colorful books, which makes reading more effective, and their higher learning motivation. Based on this, the cooperative approach of reading aloud and picture stories has been proven to facilitate students' mastery of abstract Indonesian language learning in a fun and meaningful way. The researcher encountered a challenge, namely the lack of varied picture storybook facilities and infrastructure. The solutions implemented to overcome this obstacle included conducting a library survey, searching the internet, and duplicating picture story books.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kingkin Yolanda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF ARCHIVAL RECORDS MANAGEMENT IN PT BANK MANDIRI TBK: AN ANALYSIS OF READINESS, MATURITY, AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
The rapid growth of digitalization projects and increasing operational complexity at PT Bank Mandiri Tbk have significantly expanded digital archive volume. However, the absence of a comprehensive transformation strategy for archival management remains a major challenge for building efficient, integrated, and sustainable information governance. Previous studies and consultant recommendations have largely focused on technological solutions, overlooking organizational readiness, digital maturity, and critical success factors. This study employs an exploratory sequential mixed methods design, beginning with qualitative interviews to identify perceptions, challenges, and readiness for digital archival transformation, followed by a quantitative survey to validate and generalize the findings. Three analytical frameworks are integrated: People–Process–Technology (PPT) to assess readiness, the DREAMY Framework to evaluate digital maturity, and Critical Success Factors (CSF) to identify determinants of successful implementation. Findings reveal that transformation efforts at PT Bank Mandiri Tbk are strongly influenced by human resource capability, cross-unit process alignment, system integration, and regulatory and leadership support. Based on these results, an integrative PPT–DREAMY–CSF model is proposed to connect readiness, maturity, and implementation factors. This study contributes a new integrated framework for evaluating and designing digital archival transformation in the banking sector a context that remains underexplored in existing literature. Unlike prior studies that analyze readiness, maturity, or CSFs separately, this research synthesizes all three into a unified diagnostic and strategic tool that can be replicated by other large financial institutions. Short-term recommendations emphasize strengthening foundational readiness and refining CSF indicators for non- ERP archival contexts, while long-term priorities focus on culture, leadership, and organizational change to position digital archives as strategic corporate assets.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anton Eka Saputra, Prof. Ria Mardiana Yusuf, Prof. Lijan P. Sinambela, Dr. Kabul Wahyu Utomo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Connecting Science to Society : STEAM Deep Learning in Elementary School
This research is motivated by the results of observations on students in class VB of Indotionghoa Elementary School, which show that the current learning process is only superficial and not in-depth. The impact is that students' critical thinking abilities are not maximized. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the STEAM Deep Learning approach on students' critical thinking skills. The type of research used is Pre-Experimental with a One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The data analysis technique uses statistical-based quantitative analysis using the SPSS 25 application, which consists of prerequisite tests and hypothesis tests. The prerequisite tests consist of normality and homogeneity tests. After the prerequisite tests are conducted, the t-test is performed. Based on the results of the normality test, the Sig value is > 0.05, so it is concluded that the data is normally distributed. The homogeneity test shows a Sig value > 0.05, indicating that the data is homogeneously distributed. Furthermore, the t-test results show that the Sig.(2-tailed) value is 0.027, which is less than 0.05, meaning that there is an effect of using the STEAM deep learning approach on student learning outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 ADELYN SALURAPA, Fadlan Muchlas Abrori https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Bridging Classroom and Workplace: Integrating Project-Based and Contextual Learning to Enhance Engagement in Indonesian Vocational Education
From a theoretical perspective, English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction in Indonesia faces persistent challenges such as limited exposure, examination-oriented practices, and multilingual classroom contexts, particularly in vocational high schools. Traditional teacher-centered approaches often limit authentic communication and fail to connect English learning with students’ professional needs. Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) offer alternative pedagogical frameworks, as PjBL promotes collaboration, creativity, and problem-solving through meaningful products, while CTL situates language learning in real-life and career-relevant contexts. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of PjBL and CTL in enhancing cognitive, behavioral, and affective student engagement among vocational high school students majoring in chemical analysis. A mixed-methods convergent parallel design was employed, involving 33 students. Data were collected through questionnaires, classroom observations, and semi-structured interviews, with reliability and validity ensured through piloting and triangulation. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were examined through thematic analysis. The findings indicated that PjBL significantly improved students’ motivation, communication skills, collaboration, and critical thinking, although confidence in using English for professional purposes remained limited. CTL also enhanced learning relevance, vocabulary retention, and vocational readiness, particularly in explaining technical concepts, though peer interaction and communicative confidence required further support. Overall, PjBL and CTL demonstrated complementary strengths in linking classroom English instruction with workplace communication. Pedagogically, the study underscores the importance of integrating authentic, student-centered approaches in vocational EFL contexts to foster both language competence and transferable professional skills.
Copyright (c) 2025 Amilia Sari Ghani Ghani, Bachtiar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Systematic Literature Review on Sustainable Food Purchase Research
Sustainable food consumption is increasingly urgent due to the gap between consumer intentions and actions, as well as their limited influence in driving change in the food system. Despite consumer-focused policies, sustainable food consumption, such as organic food, has only increased marginally, and consumer confidence in it may even decline over time. This study aims to analyze and synthesize the literature on sustainable food purchasing and sustainable cuisine to understand current research trends, identify gaps, and provide implications for future studies. The methodology used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the PRISMA framework. Article searches were conducted through the Scopus database with specific inclusion criteria, such as publication year (2015-2025), subject area (Business, Management, and Accounting; Economics, Econometrics, and Finance), and language (English). From a total of 559 initial documents, 104 articles were eligible for analysis. The results show that this topic continues to experience a significant increase in publications, especially after 2021, reflecting its increasing relevance and urgency. This research is dominated by European countries such as the United Kingdom and Germany and focuses on business, economic, and environmental aspects. VOSviewer analysis shows that recent research has shifted from a general focus to more specific topics, such as food waste and consumer preferences, and is interdisciplinary in nature. This research highlights the need for further exploration of variables that have not been widely studied, making it an important foundation for future studies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dewi Ayu Kusumaningrum, Shine Pintor Siolemba Patiro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Impact of Economic Growth on Unemployment in Indonesia (2013–2024)
This study aims to examine the impact of economic growth on the open unemployment rate across 34 provinces in Indonesia during the period 2013–2024. The analysis employs a quantitative approach using panel data regression and utilizes secondary data obtained from Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik, BPS). Model estimation is conducted using the Fixed Effects Model. The estimation results indicate that economic growth has a negative and statistically significant effect on the open unemployment rate, suggesting that higher economic growth is generally associated with a reduction in unemployment. A one percentage point increase in economic growth reduces the open unemployment rate by approximately 0.043 percentage points. However, the coefficient of determination (R²) of 2.14 percent suggests that unemployment is influenced by factors beyond economic growth alone. This study recommends that economic growth policies be designed to be more inclusive, targeting diverse sectors and regions to enhance their effectiveness in generating employment opportunities and expanding labor absorption.
Copyright (c) 2025 Widya Ningrum Rachmawati, Diah Lufti Wijayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Integrated Digital Marketing and Support System Model for MSME Visibility and Sustainability
This study develops an integrated digital marketing development model supported by a digital support system to enhance the visibility and sustainability of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. MSMEs often face limited digital capabilities, low online visibility, and insufficient institutional support. This research uses a qualitative case study involving 12 MSMEs in Yogyakarta, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings show that MSMEs receiving digital training, technological infrastructure support, analytics tools, and institutional facilitation achieve higher digital visibility, more consistent marketing performance, and stronger business sustainability. The study proposes a four-component model consisting of digital marketing execution, digital literacy development, technological infrastructure support, and institutional facilitation. This integrated model provides a practical framework for sustainable MSME digital transformation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ratna Suminar, Achmad Wijaya Gunawan, Angga Kurniawan, Arif Siaha Widodo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Every Resident at Risk: Air Pollution Health Economics in Asia Afrika Heritage Corridor Bandung Indonesia
Urban air pollution represents the leading environmental health threat globally, with transportation contributing 25–30% of particulate emissions in developing Asian cities. This study addresses the critical reality that 100% of population faces unacceptable health risks from traffic-related air pollution in the historic Asia Afrika Heritage Corridor, Bandung, Indonesia. Through integration of US EPA four-step risk assessment with economic discounting analysis, comprehensive data collection was conducted (n=50 participants, 1,247 total observed). Using equivalent population methodology, 179.9 full-time equivalent persons were analyzed for standardized risk assessment. Results demonstrated severe air quality crisis with PM₂.₅ concentrations reaching 42.5 μg/m³ in 2024 (8.5× WHO guidelines), causing 38 attributable disease cases annually with healthcare costs of Rp 221 million. Among 179.9 equivalent population exposed, 100% faced unacceptable health risks (HQ=3.54). Economic analysis using 5% social discount rate yielded portfolio Net Present Value of Rp 506 million with 98.9% positive return probability. Vehicle restriction strategy demonstrated optimal cost-effectiveness (BCR=2.16). Implementation of integrated mitigation portfolio can prevent 24 disease cases annually (62% reduction) and achieve WHO-compliant PM₂.₅ concentrations by 2030. This screening-level assessment provides conservative lower-bound estimates based on regional air quality data; actual corridor-specific risks may be 20-40% higher given traffic density and urban canyon effects.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suhendi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Family Welfare Empowerment Organizations and Household Waste Management: A Case Study in Kesiman Village, Denpasar
Urban areas like Denpasar face critical household waste challenges. This research analyzes the waste management programs facilitated by Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) organizations in Kesiman Village, East Denpasar. The study specifically evaluates the operationalization of Waste Banks in Banjar Abian Badan and Banjar Ujung as strategic community-based environmental initiatives. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive design, data were collected from 7 purposively selected informants: the Village Head, PKK administrators, environment heads, waste bank managers, and community members. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation. Analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal that Waste Banks effectively function as hubs for sorting inorganic waste for upcycling. However, the PKK’s overall role remains sub-optimal due to inconsistent community participation, limited technical processing skills, and insufficient socialization. Consequently, waste management initiatives currently lean more towards administrative compliance rather than transformative ecological change. To improve outcomes, the study suggests strengthening the synergy between village authorities and PKK through specialized training and 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) system integration. Practical implications highlight that Governor’s Regulation No. 47 of 2019 requires more proactive grassroots implementation to bridge the gap between policy and practice
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Ketut Eka Muliani, I Wayan Sedia, Maria Ririn https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integration of Nature-Based Interdisciplinary Learning in Developing Students' Sociopreneurial Competencies at Nurul Furqon Nature Middle School
Conventional educational models often create a gap between academic theory and the holistic skills needed in the era of disruption. Although previous studies have discussed nature schools and social entrepreneurship separately, there is still limited research specifically examining the integration of cross-disciplinary curricula at the junior high school level to shape social entrepreneurial character. This study aims to analyze the implementation of environment-based interdisciplinary learning at SMP Alam Nurul Furqon (Planet NUFO), Rembang, in developing sociopreneurial skills. Data were collected through a qualitative approach from ten participants through interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. The results show that the synergy of the formal curriculum, Islamic boarding school values, and open ecosystems is implemented through the primary production cycle, scientific innovation, and financial literacy. Specific findings revealed that contextual activities on livestock and agricultural land for 2–3 hours every day successfully transformed environmental problems into economic opportunities, such as the transformation of livestock waste into liquid organic fertilizer through simple biotechnology experiments. This practice proved effective in improving student competency, with approximately 83% of study subjects showing significant improvements in collaboration and problem-solving skills when managing projects at Nufo Mart. Students will gain technical skills in cultivation and internalize the values ​​of empathy and independence through ethical business schemes. This research confirms that open spaces managed interdisciplinaryally can be an effective stimulant for the emergence of young agents of change with strong social sensitivity and economic independence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tyas Prabawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Challenges and Strategies of Teaching English in Rural Area Junior High School (Batuatas Island Southeast Sulawesi)
Challenges in teaching English in rural schools are often caused by limited resources, lack of student motivation, and the dominance of local languages. This study aims to identify the challenges faced by teachers in teaching English and analyze strategies to overcome them. This descriptive qualitative research with a case study design used direct observation and interviews with four English teachers. The results showed challenges such as limited vocabulary, lack of family support, an unsuitable independent curriculum, lack of English language foundation, and inadequate facilities. To overcome these challenges, teachers use various strategies, including paired dialogue, image-based learning, vocabulary learning through dictionaries, and direct practice through games. This study contributes to teachers' understanding of adjusting teaching methods to the local context and encourages students to be more active in learning English.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wisnawati, Elok Putri Nimasari, Siti Asiyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From Labeling to Regulating: A Systematic Review of Preschool Emotion-Regulation Interventions with Explicit Emotion-Labeling Components
Early childhood emotion regulation (ER) is foundational for social competence, executive functioning, and school readiness, yet strategies to strengthen ER remain under investigation. This study systematically reviewed and synthesized preschool ER interventions with explicit or embedded labeling components. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and ERIC were searched for studies published between 2015 and 2025 involving children aged 3–6 years with empirical outcomes on emotion knowledge, regulation, or prosocial behavior. From 191 records screened, 25 met inclusion criteria, comprising 19 Tier-1 intervention trials (randomized, cluster, quasi-experimental, pre–post) and 6 Tier-2 theoretical or implementation-focused papers. Due to heterogeneity in design and measurement, data were synthesized narratively. Findings indicated that explicit labeling consistently enhanced children’s emotion knowledge, while improvements in regulation and prosocial behavior were positive but more variable. Stronger effects appeared when programs had higher intensity, quality adult coaching (teachers and parents modeling emotion talk and validation), and cultural adaptation with locally meaningful language and scenarios. Teacher-led and hybrid teacher–parent–digital models produced the most robust outcomes, while parent-only and digital-only programs effectively reduced punitive responses and parenting stress. These findings position emotion labeling as a cost-effective, transferable core of early SEL curricula. Embedding structured labeling routines and visual tools into preschool programs can promote emotional competence and readiness for school, offering scalable, culturally adaptable solutions to support young children’s social-emotional growth.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurhalita Diny, Noviana Mustapa, Erie Siti Syarah, Siti Aisyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Management Policies and Technology Implementation for Sustainable Waste Management in Pekanbaru City
Sustainable waste management is a major challenge for rapidly growing cities like Pekanbaru. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of waste management policies and the implementation of digital technology to support urban sustainability. As waste volume increases annually, management complexity necessitates a transition from traditional methods to integrated technological solutions. This research employed a mixed-methods approach. Qualitative data were gathered through in-depth interviews with 6 key informants, including government officials from the Riau Provincial Environmental Agency, waste management operators, and community leaders. For the quantitative component, a survey was conducted with 100 respondents randomly selected from the Pekanbaru City community. The findings reveal that while supportive policies exist, field implementation remains hampered by low public participation. Statistical analysis indicates a significant correlation between the use of app-based management systems and household waste sorting efficiency (p-value < 0.05). Furthermore, the implementation of technology was found to increase waste collection reliability with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 2.4, suggesting that residents using digital platforms are over twice as likely to manage waste sustainably compared to those using conventional methods. However, lack of awareness remains a primary barrier. The study concludes that success depends on a synergistic collaboration between the government, private sector, and the public. Regular policy evaluations and infrastructure upgrades for the mobile management system are recommended to ensure responsiveness to community needs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zulmeliza Rasyid, Novita Rany, Budijono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Speaking Up with AI: Empowering Vocational Students’ English Fluency and Motivation through ELSA
Grounded in Communicative Language Teaching, Sociocultural Theory, and Self-Determination Theory, this study investigates the role of AI-mediated dialogue in enhancing vocational students’ speaking proficiency and motivation. Oral English competence is a critical employability skill in the era of globalization and Industry 4.0, yet Indonesian vocational learners often struggle with fluency, pronunciation, and speaking confidence. To address this issue, this study integrated ELSA, a mobile-based AI speaking application, into vocational English instruction. The research aimed to examine the effectiveness of ELSA in improving speaking performance, explore changes in student motivation, and identify pedagogical and infrastructural challenges. A mixed-methods design was employed involving 30 eleventh-grade vocational students in Garut district. Quantitative data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires, while qualitative data were obtained from classroom observations and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed significant improvements in fluency, pronunciation accuracy, and speaking confidence. Students demonstrated heightened motivation, increased self-regulated practice, and reduced speaking anxiety, attributed to ELSA’s real-time feedback and gamified features. However, challenges related to internet connectivity, limited device access, and restrictions of the free application version were identified, necessitating teacher mediation and institutional support. This study highlights the pedagogical potential of AI-powered speaking tools to bridge classroom instruction and workplace communication demands and emphasizes the need for blended pedagogical strategies and adequate infrastructure to ensure equitable and sustainable AI integration in vocational education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wahyudin, Bachtiar, Aminudin Zuhairi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Designing Effective Student Worksheets Based on Ethnomathematics Pupuh in Number Patterns Material
Students have difficulty in representing patterns in learning number pattern material. This condition is caused by not optimal teaching materials that support students’ understanding, including aspects of teaching methods or lack of materials that support understanding of number patterns. Consequenly students struggle to grasp the material, lack of motivation and interest in learning. This study aims to develop Pupuh ethnomathematics-based Student Worksheets on number pattern material that has valid and practical qualities. The research method used is the Research and Development (R&D) method with the 4D model at the Define, Design, to Develop stages. The participants of this study involved 1 lecturer, 1 teacher and 3 students of class VIII of a private junior high school in Cianjur Regency. The instruments of this research are validation sheets by material experts, media experts, and educational practitioners to ensure feasibility, practicality assessment sheets by students through questionnaires. The validation results show that this worksheet is feasible to use with an average validation score of 95%, which is included in the “very valid” category based on the Guttman scale. The limited practicality test was conducted on grade VIII students in one of the junior high schools in Cianjur, and the practicality assessed by students was 92.63% with the criteria “very practical”. This research contributes to the development of innovative and contextually based teaching materials.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pitri Aulia, Rani Sugiarni, Reza Rahman Hakima https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Nutmeg and Farmers of Morella: Assessing Welfare Through the Lens of the Value Chain
Nutmeg farmers in Morella Village, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency, who cultivate nutmeg as their primary livelihood, continue to operate within a traditional system passed down through generations despite having a weak bargaining position in the market. This study examines the relationship between the value chain and the welfare of nutmeg farmers in Morella Village. This research was conducted in January 2025 in Morella Village, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency. Primary data were collected from a sample of 84 farmers and determined using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through structured interviews, using a research questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using a quantitative approach with statistical analysis through Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), aimed at conducting path analysis with latent variables. The results indicate that the value chain significantly influences the welfare of nutmeg farmers in Morella. This implies that improvements in the value chain can directly enhance farmers' income. By adopting good agricultural practices, improving market access, utilizing modern technology, and ensuring the availability of agricultural inputs, farmers can obtain greater value from their products. This study also shows that farmers with better access to market information and technology tend to have stronger bargaining positions, which ultimately leads to increased income and contributes to improved welfare.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vilia Glaudya Paays, Musran Munizu, Ariady Arsal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bringing the Merdeka Curriculum to Life: Integrating Center-Based Learning and Experiential Philosophy in an Early Childhood Education in Bali
Early Childhood Education (ECE) becomes more meaningful when children’s learning is grounded in everyday experiences that reflect their cultural backgrounds and values. In Indonesia, the Merdeka Curriculum offers space for early childhood institutions to adapt learning practices in ways that are responsive to local contexts. This study examines how the Merdeka Curriculum is enacted through the integration of Beyond Centers and Circle Time (BCCT), Dewey’s experiential learning philosophy, and religious–cultural values in a private Islamic early childhood education setting in Jimbaran, Bali. A qualitative descriptive approach was adopted. Data were generated through classroom observations carried out over one instructional week, semi-structured interviews with two key participants (one teacher and one principal), and an analysis of institutional documents, including the weekly schedule, lesson plans (RPP), and the school profile. The findings suggest that the Merdeka Curriculum is implemented in ways that foreground character building and spiritual development. Learning is organized through thematic centers following the BCCT model, creating opportunities for children to explore, collaborate, and express creativity. Experiential learning principles are visible in routine classroom activities such as cooking, outdoor exploration, art-based tasks, and daily reflective practices that form part of the school culture. Overall, the study illustrates how curriculum flexibility, structured pedagogical approaches, and experiential learning can be thoughtfully combined within a religious and cultural framework. By offering a context-specific account of Merdeka Curriculum implementation, this study contributes empirical insights to early childhood education literature. The findings also provide practical considerations for educators and policymakers seeking to design experience-based and culturally responsive learning practices within national curriculum reforms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Robiah Al Adawiyah, Noviana Mustapa, Ika Budi Maryatun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Opportunities and Challenges of Digital Transformation in Social Studies Learning in Elementary Schools: Towards Effective and Innovative Educational Management
Digital transformation has increasingly influenced teaching and learning processes in elementary education, including Social Studies learning. This article aims to examine the opportunities and challenges of digital transformation in Social Studies learning at the elementary school level and its implications for effective and innovative educational management. This study employs a qualitative approach using a narrative literature review, analyzing relevant national and international publications related to digital transformation, Social Studies education, and elementary school learning. The findings synthesize that digital transformation offers significant opportunities to enhance student engagement, expand access to learning resources, and support interactive and contextual learning. However, major challenges remain, particularly related to limited digital infrastructure, teachers’ digital competencies, and unequal access to technology among students. These findings indicate that successful digital transformation in Social Studies learning requires integrated educational management strategies, including continuous teacher professional development, adaptive curriculum design, and equitable infrastructure provision. Therefore, digital transformation should be positioned not only as technological adoption but also as a strategic effort to improve the quality and sustainability of elementary education management.
Copyright (c) 2025 Raudya Setya Wismoko Putri, Mita Saputri, Lina Ambarwati, Muflikhul Khaq https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Village Fund Accountability through the Lens of Institutional Isomorphism: The Tension between Norms and Regulations
Village fund accountability is a critical issue in Indonesia’s fiscal decentralization, particularly in contexts where tensions arise between local social norms and formal state regulations. This study aims to examine village fund accountability practices through the lens of institutional isomorphism, focusing on the influence of coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures on village financial governance. The study adopts a qualitative case study approach conducted in several villages. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, including village officials, members of village consultative bodies, and other local stakeholders, and were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that coercive isomorphism plays a dominant role through government regulations and formal supervision mechanisms, encouraging villages to comply rapidly with standardized administrative procedures. Mimetic isomorphism is evident in the replication of financial reporting practices and the adoption of similar financial management systems across villages. Meanwhile, normative isomorphism emerges from efforts by village officials to align accountability practices with prevailing social values and community expectations. These dynamics reveal a practical dilemma where formal accountability mandates do not always align with informal cultural norms. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how institutional dynamics shape public accountability at the lowest level of government and highlights the need for accountability policies that are responsive to local social contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rani Eka Diansari, Tasrim, Tri Siwi Nugrahani, Valsa Ayunda Tisya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Cultural Content in the English Textbook Entitled “English Advance” for the Eleventh Grade
This study aims to examine the cultural content of the English Advance textbook used in the second grade of Senior High School. Specifically, it seeks to identify the main cultural categories represented in the textbook, based on the framework by Cortazzi and Jin (1999), and the cultural dimensions present, as outlined by Moran (2001). A qualitative content analysis method was employed to examine the extent to which the textbook includes source culture, target culture, and international culture, as well as the five cultural dimensions: products, practices, perspectives, persons, and communities. The findings reveal that the target culture dominates the textbook with 56% of the total content, followed by international culture at 30%, and source culture at only 14%. Regarding cultural dimensions, products emerge as the most dominant with 52%, while persons (17%), perspectives (16%), and practices (15%) are present in smaller portions. Notably, the community dimension is absent. These results suggest that the textbook emphasizes surface-level cultural knowledge and underrepresents deeper, contextual cultural understanding.
Copyright (c) 2025 Achmad Khoirul Firdaus, Ellis Tamela, Agus Gunawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Words Logical Persuasion Communication Strategy Management in Educational Counseling: An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Approaches to Convince Parents of Students to Explore Education in China through Scholarship Programs
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of evidence-based, logical persuasive communication strategies in educational counseling to persuade parents to consider higher education in China through scholarship programs. The research method used a qualitative approach with case study analysis and in-depth interviews with parents and students who have participated in scholarship programs in China. The results show that an approach based on statistical data, testimonials, and analysis of China's academic excellence significantly increased parental acceptance of education options in China. The implication of this study is the importance of educational counselors mastering evidence-based, logical persuasive techniques to reduce resistance and increase parental confidence in educational alternatives abroad.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ali Mufti Hasyim, Cyintiani Putri, Saptaningsih Sumarmi, Tasrim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The effect of e-service quality and brand trust on repurchase intention for Jiniso Jeans products in TikTok Shop e-commerce
The rapid growth of social commerce platforms has transformed consumer purchasing behavior, yet the drivers of repurchase intention in this emerging landscape remain underexplored. This study examines the influence of e-service quality and brand trust on repurchase intention for Jiniso Jeans products sold through TikTok Shop, one of the fastest-growing e-commerce channels in Indonesia. Using a descriptive verification approach, data were collected from 100 consumers through field surveys, structured questionnaires, and literature review. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to test the research hypotheses. The findings reveal that both e-service quality and brand trust exert a significant positive effect on repurchase intention. These results underscore the critical role of seamless digital service experiences and brand reliability in sustaining customer loyalty in highly competitive online marketplaces. By addressing a research gap in the context of fashion retail within social commerce, this study provides theoretical contributions to consumer behavior literature and practical implications for e-commerce marketers seeking to optimize retention strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Allana Veda Mahendra, Auliya Larasati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing SME Competitiveness through Green Economy and Business Feasibility Study: A SWOT Analysis of XYZ Cafe
This research aims to analyze the improvement of SME competencies based on the green economy through a business feasibility study approach at XYZ Cafe in Sanur, Denpasar. The research method employed a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques using interviews and documentation. The analysis was carried out using SWOT Matrix, IFAS, EFAS, Grand Strategy, and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Business feasibility was assessed from non-financial aspects (market and marketing, management and human resources, technical and technological, environmental, and legal) as well as financial aspects using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Profitability Index (PI), and Payback Period (PP). The results show that XYZ Cafe is positioned in quadrant IV (defend and maintain), with the main strategies being diversification, joint ventures, market penetration, and product development. The non-financial feasibility analysis indicates that the market and marketing aspect (score 4.33) and the technical-technological aspect (score 8.0) are categorized as “very feasible”; the management and human resources aspect (score 4.42) is “fairly feasible”; the environmental aspect (score 7.4) is “very feasible”; while the legal aspect (score 6) is “less feasible.” From the financial perspective, the results show a positive NPV, IRR of 29%, PI of 2.1, and Payback Period of 2 years and 7 months. These findings confirm that XYZ Cafe is feasible to be developed and has strong competitiveness potential in the green economy-based coffee shop industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 ANAK AGUNG ELIK ASTARI, Luh Putu Devi Laksmi Gayatri, Ni Putu Andini Desiyanti Laksmi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Do Internal Control Capacity Improve Reporting Quality? Evidence from Indonesian Local Government
This study investigates the determinants of local government reporting quality through the use of discretionary accruals in Indonesian local governments, with emphasis on the moderating role of internal control apparatus (APIP) capacity. Drawing on public choice theory, the analysis examines whether accruals are strategically employed to manage financial outcomes or reflect persistent reporting practices. Using the data from 34 province level and applying regression analysis, the results reveal that surplus-deficit before accruals are consistently and negatively associated with the discretionary accruals, indicating the use of dicretionary accrual to offset financial imbalances and achieve performance benchmarks. In the baseline model, lagged discretionary accruals are positively associated with current accruals, suggesting persistence and strategic continuation of such practices. However, once APIP capacity is incorporated, the persistence effect weakens. APIP capacity itself significantly reduces discretionary accruals, and its interaction with financial balance further constrains accrual-based adjustments, while its interaction with lagged accruals reinforces persistence in reporting practices. These findings highlight a paradox: institutional oversight reduces opportunistic accrual adjustments but simultaneously entrenches established reporting behavior, limiting substantive improvements in financial reporting quality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anindyo Aji Susanto, Gita Astyka Rahmanda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The The Forest Cover Analysis Using Time Series Change Method in Aceh Region
The forests of Aceh constitute a critical ecological buffer and serve as the last refuge for endangered species such as tigers, elephants, rhinoceroses, and orangutans. However, forest cover in Aceh has experienced significant decline over the past decade, with the province losing hundreds of thousands of hectares since 2015. This degradation is driven by illegal encroachment, forest conversion into plantations, illegal logging, mining, and infrastructure expansion, further aggravated by inadequate supervision, weak law enforcement, and conflicting interests in natural resource management. This study aims to analyze forest cover dynamics in Aceh from 2015 to 2021 using a time series change method. Key variables include forest cover area, reforestation data, deforestation data, reforestation ratio, and deforestation ratio. Data analysis was conducted using Powersim Studio Version 10.0. The results indicate that, without policy intervention, Aceh’s forests will become ecologically unstable within the next 100 years, posing high risks of both natural and humanitarian disasters. To address this, the study recommends policy interventions focusing on increasing the reforestation ratio under a moderate scenario. Additionally, community engagement in tree planting and stricter law enforcement against illegal logging are suggested as complementary strategies to ensure sustainable forest conservation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arif Saifudin Saifudin, Ahmad Hadian Pratama Hamzah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Principal Leadership: Implementation and Supervision to Improve Teacher Performance
This study investigates how principal leadership management implementation and monitoring enhance teacher performance in an elementary school in Central Java's Klaten Regency. The principal of the school and the homeroom teachers participated in interviews, observations, and document analysis as part of a qualitative descriptive case study design. The results demonstrate how systematic work programs, academic supervision, motivational assistance, and frequent assessments are used to establish leadership management, which has a good impact on teachers' pedagogical and professional performance. This study underlines the differences between supervision, which stresses monitoring, assessment, and feedback procedures, and implementation, which concentrates on program execution and instructor assistance. However, the consistency of leadership methods is impacted by issues with time restrictions and the principal's external duties. Given the single-case qualitative design, the findings are context-specific and should be interpreted cautiously. This research contributes to educational leadership studies by providing empirical insights into how implementation and supervision function as complementary leadership practices in supporting teacher performance at the elementary school level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fadhilah Cahyaningrum, Sri Marmoah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF POLICIES FOR SUSTAINABLE INDOOR AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN HOSPITAL BUILDINGS
Indoor air quality that meets standards is free from pollutants. Activities carried out in hospitals can be a source of pollution that can affect indoor air quality, thereby impacting the health of workers, patients, and visitors. This study was conducted to formulate a sustainable indoor air quality management policy at Hospital X in Pekanbaru City. This activity was carried out from January to May 2025 using a qualitative approach. Data collection involved observation, interviews, document or report review, and documentation. The data sources in this study were primary and secondary data. Data analysis used the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT) matrix to determine policy strategies for indoor air quality management in hospitals. The results of the study indicate that hospitals have four strategies for indoor air quality management policies. The first is SO (Strengths-Opportunities), which involves implementing policies in line with the hospital management's commitment to indoor air quality management and collaborating with relevant stakeholders. The second is WO (Weaknesses-Opportunities), which involves improving governance regarding indoor air quality in hospitals. The third is ST (Strengths-Threats) by conducting monitoring and improving cleaning activities related to indoor air quality management in hospitals, and fourth, WT (Weakness-Threats) by establishing indoor air quality standards and conducting regular indoor air quality measurements in hospitals. Thus, the results of this study can be applied and contribute to and be generalized to hospitals in Pekanbaru City for the sustainable improvement of indoor air quality management in hospitals.
Copyright (c) 2025 Endang Purnawati, Budijono Budijono, Indra Suandy, Ade Idra Suhara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
In the era of digital communication, social media has become a significant space for language learners to engage with global culture. This descriptive study explores how English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students perceive the role of social media platforms, such as YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok in raising their awareness of global culture. Grounded in the frameworks of Intercultural Communicative Competence and social constructivism, the study focuses on students’ experiences outside the classroom, where informal exposure to diverse lifestyles, values, and communication styles contributes to their language learning process. Data were collected through a 15-item Likert-scale questionnaire administered to 30 university students in an English Education program in Indonesia. The results, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics (M = 62.60, SD = 8.08), revealed that students perceived social media as a useful and motivating tool for understanding global cultural practices, enhancing their interest in learning English, and becoming more open-minded toward cultural diversity. The findings suggest that integrating global content from social media into EFL instruction may support both linguistic development and intercultural competence in meaningful and practical ways.
Copyright (c) 2025 Deswita Aulia Maharani, Pratiwi Septiani Indah, Niwanda Tantri, Ginting Kiki Oktavianty, Sembiring Elisma, Manurung Hilda, Dewi Desi Surlitasari, Siahaan Safnidar, Manurung Sulastri, Sinaga Juwita Boneka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital learning with Canva: a technological approach to enhance English writing skills
This systematic literature review investigates the role of Canva as a digital learning platform in improving English writing skills in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) settings. Articles published between 2019 and 2025 were identified by searching Google Scholar, ERIC, ResearchGate, and institutional repositories using keywords related to Canva, digital media, and writing education. After a thorough screening process, 24 peer-reviewed articles were selected for investigation. The findings suggest that Canva improves students’ writing skills by improving concept structure, creativity, motivation, and engagement through its visual templates and user-friendly interface. Canva also helps with essential stages of the writing process, such as brainstorming, drafting, rewriting, and presenting written work. However, obstacles persist, including unreliable internet connectivity, restricted capabilities in the free edition, and variable levels of digital readiness among teachers. Overall, the evaluation emphasizes Canva’s potential as an excellent instructional tool that aligns with Education 4.0 and 21st-century learning principles. To maximize its influence on EFL writing instruction, adequate infrastructure support and rigorous teacher training are needed.
Copyright (c) 2025 SUMBULATIN MIATU KHABBAH, Widya Rizky Pratiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Literacy and Its Impact on Critical Thinking and Writing Skills: A Qualitative Study in A High School Context
Digital literacy has become a crucial competency in the 21st century, particularly in enhancing students’ writing skills. Writing requires not only mastery of grammar, vocabulary, and coherence but also creativity and critical thinking, all of which can be supported by digital tools. This study examined the impact of digital literacy on students’ writing skills at SMA Kusuma Bangsa Palembang using a qualitative case study design. Data were collected through document analysis, classroom observations, and semi-structured interviews with 16 students and two teachers. The findings revealed that digital platforms such as Google Scholar, ChatGPT, Grammarly, and Google Translate helped students generate and organize ideas, enrich vocabulary, and improve grammatical accuracy. tudents reported that these tools made the writing process easier and more effective, particularly in developing arguments, ensuring coherence, and enhancing word choice. Moreover, digital resources encouraged creativity and confidence, allowing students to express ideas through diverse formats such as blogs, short articles, and online publications, while classroom observations confirmed that digital tools were actively used during prewriting, drafting, and revising stages to produce clearer and more structured texts. However, a gap remained between digitally assisted writing and unaided exam performance, indicating the need for balanced reliance. The study concludes that digital literacy significantly enhances writing development by improving technical accuracy, coherence, and self-expression, while also highlighting the importance of fostering independent writing competence alongside digital support
Copyright (c) 2025 Febby Puspita Sari, Widya Rizky Pratiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Stem In Environmental Conservation: Scientific Innovations For Biodiversity Preservation
The global environmental crisis characterized by habitat degradation, climate change, and declining biodiversity demands an innovative and sustainable interdisciplinary approach. The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach plays a strategic role in strengthening environmental conservation efforts through the application of cutting-edge scientific and technological innovations. The aim of this review is to examine the contribution of STEM to biodiversity conservation by highlighting various innovations that have been implemented in a conservation context. Some of the technologies reviewed include remote sensing, drones, geographic information systems (GIS), ecological modeling, and the use of artificial intelligence in biodiversity data analysis. Case studies from various tropical regions demonstrate that the application of these technologies can improve the accuracy of ecosystem monitoring, the effectiveness of habitat restoration, and the efficiency of data-driven decision-making. Beyond technological aspects, STEM integration also encompasses the critical role of ecological engineering in designing technical solutions for species and ecosystem conservation. Stakeholder engagement, including local communities, researchers, and policymakers, is a crucial part of the collaborative approach offered by STEM. The findings of this article confirm that STEM is not only a technical support but also serves as a conceptual foundation for developing conservation strategies that are responsive to current challenges. By strengthening human resource capacity and expanding cross-sector collaboration, STEM can foster innovative, adaptive, and sustainable conservation solutions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizka Aprisanti, Budijono Budijono, Ridwan Manda Putra, Nur El Fajri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The Role of Collective Brand as A Tool for Community Empowerment: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence
Collective brands (CB) are now seen as a strategic tool, for harnessing community potential, to enhance brand competitiveness and sustainability while respecting social values. However, its role for community empowerment is less-explored from an academic perspective. This study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by PRISMA. The search was limited to Scopus and ScienceDirect for the years 2015 to 2025 and was narrowed to the terms: collective brands, community-based branding, geographical branding, place branding, and community empowerment. Articles with a purely conceptual approach or those disconnected from the community framework were removed. This process yielded 75 articles which were thematically analyzed. There are three significant findings. First, CB act as socio economic tools to enhance social economic among community. Second, CB perform the function of legitimacy and authenticity.. Third, CB promote sustainability. The scope of the study is constrained by the scope of database used and by the nature of SLR analysis, which reveals only patterns and themes without showing any relationships and causation between variables. This study confirms collective brands as a strategic community empowerment tool integrating social, economic, and cultural aspects. The dominant collective impact emphasizes the applied theory for community-based empowerment branding as the main reference for community-based participatory practices. Further research is needed to test the application of the C-BEB model in other sectors and analyze its impact on long-term economic sustainability. As well as exploring the relationship between consumer engagement and the resulting socio-economic change.
Copyright (c) 2026 Santi Meitasari, Agusdin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Community Resilience in Border Areas: Health Governance and Preparedness for Emerging Diseases in Batam City
Batam City, located on the border of Indonesia, Singapore, and Malaysia, is a hub of international mobility and trade, making it vulnerable to cross-border infectious disease transmission. This study analyzes the role of health governance in strengthening-community resilience in Batam within the framework of global health governance (GHG). This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach through a comprehensive literature review method to systematically explore and analyze the role of health governance in strengthening community resilience. drawing on secondary data from government reports, international guidelines, and scientific publications. Content analysis identified patterns of health data integration, cross-sectoral coordination, and community participation. The results show that Batam has built a community resilience framework through three components: (1) strengthening community-based health services such as Posyandu, Posbindu, and GERMAS, which reached full coverage in 2023; (2) integrating health information systems, including SIKDA and the ASIK application, to support real-time surveillance; and (3) enhancing community involvement through health education and digital literacy. Despite this progress, challenges remain, including low digital literacy, limited cadre capacity, and sub-optimal technology use. Lessons from Singapore and Denmark highlight the potential of digital integration, participatory health systems, and the Health in All Policies approach to strengthen resilience in border areas. This study positions Batam as a policy laboratory for adaptive health governance in border regions. The findings confirm that collaborative governance and community based approaches are essential for resilience against emerging diseases, offering practical implications for strengthening border health systems through digital technology, literacy, and cross-sector collaboration. Ultimately, this research provides a foundation to support Indonesia’s border health policies and improve preparedness for global health crises
Copyright (c) 2026 Devi Melyana Sari, Florentina Wulandari Ratih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The financial governance of PT Trada Alam Minera, an affiliated company, is one of the causes of Jiwasraya’s bankruptcy (mining company case)
This paper presents an analysis of the financial governance of PT Trada Alam Minera (TRAM). This company has been suspended by the Indonesian Stock Exchange, because it was one of the causes of Jiwasraya's bankruptcy. This paper presents in a coherent and scientific manner the fundamental financial conditions of PT Trada Alam Minera from 2012 to 2017. The year 2012 was chosen to analyze the company's financial foundations before the share purchase event by PT Jiwasraya and after the event, namely 2015 to 2018. Financial governance analysis was carried out on important components of financial fundamentals including total assets, debt, equity, cash flow from operating, income, net profit or loss, and dividends. The analysis was conducted to determine the soundness and potential risks of PT Trada Alam Minera's fundamental financial management from 2012 to 2017. This paper provides solutions for appropriate financial governance in this case, ensuring that similar misinvestment cases do not recur. The results show that PT Trada Alam Minera's financial management for its financial position, profit and loss statement, cash flow from company operations, and dividend distribution from 2012 to 2017 was fluctuating, inconsistent, and unfavorable. Therefore, it can be concluded that PT Trada Alam Minera lacked strong fundamental financial management from 2012 to 2017.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Suryaningsum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Teachers' Technological Readiness in Digital Learning: A Systematic Literature Review
Technology is a crucial component in 21st century learning, but teachers’ readiness to integrate technology remains a significant challenge. This article aims to analyze the trends, supporting and inhibiting factors, and competencies required by teachers in technology readiness and implementation within digital learning. A systematic literature review approach was used, employing the Publish Or Perish (PoP) search engine to identify 48 peer-reviewed papers from Scopus, Web of Science, and Crossref databases published between 2014 and 2024. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis to systematically explore the relationships between the identified concepts. The review found that teachers' readiness to integrate technology in digital learning varies. Some teachers are less ready due to limited technical skills, poor access, and low motivation, while others are more prepared with sufficient training and experience. Key factors that support readiness include technology-based training, adequate resources, and flexible policies, while inhibiting factors like poor infrastructure, anxiety, and low confidence remain. To improve technology integration, teachers need to develop skills in ICT, instructional design, and technology literacy. Although teacher technology readiness remains a challenge, it can be addressed through enhanced training, continuous support, and improved infrastructure, especially concerning access to technology and supportive policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ratna Irmayanti, sri Marmoah, Mohamed Azman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The Effectiveness of Gamification on Quizizz Online Platform to Enhance Students’ Achievement in English Language Learning
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using the Quizizz platform for gamification in raising students' proficiency in English. The method used is a kuasi-eksperimen with pretest-posttest designs for 32 students in grade VIII B at SMPN 1 Bungkal. Data is collected using the pre-test and post-test results from Quizizz's survey. The paired sample t-test is then used for analysis. The study's findings indicate a significant increase in the students' rata-rata scores, which went from 64.53 on the pretest to 83.91 on the posttest. The statistical analysis shows that Quizizz is effective in increasing English language learning results, with Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001 (< 0.05). The results of this study indicate that Quizizz-based learning is more effective than traditional methods. In other words, gamification like Quizizz can be an engaging and interactive alternative to traditional teaching media.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shinta Putria Dewitasari, Ana Maghfiroh, Bambang Harmanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Business Development Strategy Through Business Model Canvas At Bali Moment Studio
BM Studio Bali Has 11,000 followers on Instagram where this studio serves pre-wedding, wedding, graduation and others. BM Studio has many luxurious and attractive backgrounds or backgrounds so that BM Studio is famous among the public, especially students, couples, and families. This studio is well known to many people because influencers often rent this studio so that this studio has many customers. The purpose of the study to Know the Business Canvas Model of Photography business at Bali Moment Studio, the feasibility of Photography business at Bali Moment Studio reviewed from the analysis of internal strategy factors (IFAS), external strategy (EFAS), the feasibility of Photography business at Bali Moment Studio reviewed from the financial aspect and the feasibility of Photography at Bali Moment Studio reviewed from the non-financial aspect. Analysis techniques using quantitative data processing are carried out to analyze financial aspects by calculating the payback period (PP), net present value (NPV), profitability index (PI), and internal rate of return (IRR). The results of the SWOT Matrix analysis and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) analysis, Bali Moment Studio photography business obtained conclusions about proposed strategies that should be carried out for the existence and development of the business including: Increasing promotions both offline and online; The location is still remote, being in the middle of a residential area and on a small road. Based on the Internal Strategic Factors Analysis Summary (IFAS) and External Strategic Factors Analysis Summary (EFAS), Bali Moment Studio's photography business is currently in quadrant I, meaning the company is in the Growth and Build zone. Suitable strategies for this zone are intensive (market penetration, product development) or integration (backward integration, forward integration, and horizontal integration). Intensive strategies include market penetration, market development, and product development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Wayan Ari Sudiartini, Kadek Indra Laksamana, Made Winda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/