Spatial Analysis of Water Infiltration Criticality Distribution in the Northern Bandung Area (KBU)

Abstract

This study aims to map water infiltration criticality in the Northern Bandung Area and identify areas with critical and very critical levels to support spatial planning and sustainable groundwater management. Infiltration criticality was analyzed using a spatial overlay of four parameters: soil type, rainfall, land use, and slope. Each parameter was scored based on infiltration potential, weighted according to influence, multiplied by its weight, and summed to produce a total infiltration value. Results were classified into six categories—Good, Naturally Normal, Beginning to Critical, Moderately Critical, Critical, and Very Critical—using Sturges’ formula for class intervals. Spatial analysis revealed variation in infiltration criticality across Northern Bandung Area. Moderately Critical areas dominate, covering 125.43 km² (32.57%), followed by Beginning to Critical (82.36 km², 21.41%) and Naturally Normal (79.52 km², 20.66%). Good areas are limited (19.07 km², 4.95%), while Critical and Very Critical zones cover 88.67 km² (20.42%). Regionally, Critical and Very Critical areas occupy 13.05 km² (14%) in Kabupaten Bandung, 30.37 km² (12%) in Kabupaten Bandung Barat, 21.75 km² (66%) in Kota Bandung, and 11.26 km² (64%) in Kota Cimahi. This study applies an established weighted overlay method to the entire Northern Bandung Area, extending previous research limited to subdistricts, and provides a comprehensive spatial overview of critical infiltration zones for regional planning and groundwater management.