International Conference on Multidisciplinary Academic Studies
Multidisciplinary research refers to combining several specialized branches of learning or fields of expertise. This broader approach to scientific research has developed from the need to answer complex questions, which a single discipline is unable to handle. Going into defining multidisciplinary research leads us to knowledge associated with several academic disciplines. In practice, multidisciplinary teams are composed of individuals coming from various disciplines. Today multidisciplinary research is considered the driver of innovation and research. We live in a fast-changing world with complex, interdependent systems and subsystems. In today knowledge landscape, there are powerful drivers for multidisciplinary research. Through simple collaboration, researchers from different disciplines can accomplish more by teaming. However, collaboration multidisciplinary research also faces challenges to create innovation research. To discuss the innovation challenges in multidisciplinary research, the Institute of Research and Community Services of the Universitas Terbuka took the initiative to organize an international seminar with the theme Collaborative Synergy for Deepening Research Understanding Towards Internationalization.
Pusat Penelitian Keilmuan - LPPM Universitas Terbuka
The Implementation of Virtual Reality-Based Learning Media for Spatial Planning Materials in Building Management Instruction at Vocational High Schools
Purpose – This study aims to develop and evaluate a VR-based learning medium called VROOM (Virtual Reality Room Organization and Optimization Media) to enhance students’ understanding of spatial organization within the Building Management subject at vocational high schools. The objective is to provide an immersive, interactive medium that bridges the gap between theory and practice in vocational education. Methodology – The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) methodology with a descriptive-evaluative approach. Trials were conducted with 30 vocational students and 5 subject teachers. Data collection was carried out using a Likert-scale questionnaire assessing six core aspects: ease of use, material comprehension, user satisfaction, learning benefits, content feasibility, and pedagogical effectiveness. Findings – The results show that VROOM received an overall rating of “excellent.” The medium was perceived as providing an immersive learning experience that enhances student engagement, facilitates understanding of abstract concepts, and strengthens the connection between theoretical knowledge and practical application. Originality – This study contributes original insights into the integration of VR technology in vocational education. Unlike conventional approaches, VROOM demonstrates how virtual reality can effectively support spatial learning, providing new evidence for the role of immersive media as an innovative instructional tool.
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Increasing Children's Body Privacy Awareness Through Toilet Training Activities at KB YUMNA Padang Panjang City
Efforts to prevent sexual violence and fulfill children's rights include providing education that helps children understand their bodily privacy. This study aims to increase children's awareness of bodily privacy through toilet training. The study was conducted at KB YUMNA in Padang Panjang City using the classroom action research method. Fifteen children aged 3-5 years participated in the study. Data collection was conducted using observation notes, interviews, and documentation. Quantitative descriptive data analysis was used. The results of the study showed a percentage score of 42% in cycle 1 and 76% in cycle 2. From the results of the two cycles, there was an increase of 34%, so it can be concluded that by implementing toilet training, children's ability to realize that their bodily privacy must be maintained and protected can increase.
The Effect of Goat Milk Soap Innovation With Mangosteen Peel Extract (Manggiskin Milk Bar) Efforts To Improve the Economy of Cosmetics Entrepreneurs
The 2017 National Social and Economic Survey (SUSENAS) conducted by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) found that 99.8% of Indonesians use soap to protect their skin. Because of a return to nature, cosmetics continue to move toward natural products as knowledge and technology in the sectors of agriculture and kimia progress. Development of soap products using goat milk and mangosteen peel extract as the main ingredients with superior and innovative quality, as well as improving the welfare of goat farmers by adding value to goat milk products through partnerships with the cosmetics industry. Therefore, the objective of the project "Innovation of goat milk soap with mangosteen peel extract: Efforts to improve the economy”. Creating high-quality, unique soap products with goat milk and mangosteen peel extract as the primary ingredients, as well as enhancing the well-being of goat farmers by enhancing goat milk products through collaborations with the cosmetics sector. Therefore, the goal of the project "Innovation of goat milk soap with mangosteen peel extract: Efforts to improve the economy of cosmetics entrepreneurs" is to develop innovations that foster economic growth and welfare for local businesses, including farmers and cosmetics entrepreneurs, in addition to being environmentally friendly and good for skin health. Methods for preparing tools and materials, the processes used in soap making consist of three methods, namely the cold process method, the hot process method, and the melt and pour method, as well as organoleptic analysis testing, soap acidity level (pH) testing, and laboratory testing for heavy metal, bacteria, and fungus content in accordance with SNI 06-3532-1994. Organoleptic analysis was carried out by visually observing the results of the soap formulation which included dark brown color, softer texture, fragrant aroma of mangosteen fragrance extract, foam that foams easily, sensation when and after use is rough and moist. Analysis of the degree of acidity pH 7 is normal. The results of the simplo and duplo heavy metal tests from the PT Saraswanti Indo Genetech laboratory include; mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, and 1.4 dioxane no detected. The simplo and duplo bacteria tests for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were negative. The simplo and duplo fungus tests for Candida albicans were negative, but the simplo and duplo yeast mold fungi were found to be <10 according to the total plate count (ALT) of simplo 6.0x101 and duplo 3.0x101, so in the process we must improve its hygiene production and packaging. Originality produces of innovation in goat milk soap with mangosteen peel extract: Efforts to improve the economy through new knowledge.
Countries Without Migrant Voices: A Participatory StudyWoman Indonesian Migrant Workers in the 2024 Election in Taiwan
Women's participation in politics still often faces obstacles, particularly for Indonesian Migrant Women Workers (PPMI), many of whom are still denied the right to vote in the 2024 general election. This study aims to identify the political participation of PPMI in Taiwan in the 2024 presidential election. This study employed a qualitative approach and collected data through questionnaires and interviews with election officials and several PPMI (Indonesian Student Associations) registered as UT students in Taiwan. All collected data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that the political participation of PPMI in Taiwan is still low, where of the 155,145 women registered for the voter list, only 37,844 people or 24.4% exercised their right to vote. The low political participation of PPMI is due to the nature of PPMI's work, which is mostly isolated in the employer's home, which limits them when they want to leave the house, including when going to the polling station. This study also revealed that PPMI's involvement in the success of the election stages is already visible, such as discussions or exchanging ideas through social media, forming study groups and participating as election officers. This PPMI involvement shows a positive indication, so it is necessary to continue efforts to increase PPMI's awareness of their constitutional rights, and increase election socialization through the involvement of UT students in Taiwan.
The Representation of Siddhatta Gotama as a Misogynist in Armstrong's Buddha
The central aim of this research is to critically analyze the representation of Siddhatta Gotama in Karen Armstrong’s Buddha, with particular attention to the construction of misogyny. The study seeks to interrogate the cultural presuppositions and ideological positions that inform the narrative, while also assessing the extent to which Western interpretive frameworks on gender and authority shape the biographical portrayal of an Eastern religious figure. The investigation adopts a discourse analytic framework that integrates thematic, interdiscursive, intertextual, and textual approaches. The data set comprises 58,076 words and 241 paragraphs extracted from a 224-page biography. The analytical procedure involved systematic examination of language use, discursive strategies, and contextual references in order to identify patterns through which misogyny is represented, negotiated, and recontextualized. The analysis generated four principal thematic categories: the refusal to admit female disciples, the notion of a hijacked misogynist, the depiction of a socially conditioned misogynist, and the rejection of the image of a fully developed misogynist. These findings demonstrate that the figure of Siddhatta Gotama is discursively positioned in ways that resonate with Western sociocultural understandings of gender and religion. Visual mappings and textual schemata further illustrate the discursive construction and partial contestation of misogyny within the narrative. The study offers an original contribution by revealing how a contemporary Western biographer reframes an ancient Eastern sage through the lens of gender discourse. Its novelty lies in demonstrating how processes of cultural translation and narrative mediation produce alternative representations that move beyond conventional or repetitive scholarly interpretations. increase.
The Influence of Character-Based Animated Video Usage on the Improvement of Student Attitudes
The study aims to measure and analyze the significant influence of character-based animated videos on changes in student attitudes (specifically anti-bullying) in elementary school students. Quas-experimental design (pre-test and post-test) was applied to 40 students (Grade 4 and 5). The instrument was a 15-item attitude questionnaire. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Normality Test (Shapiro-Wilk), and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The Wilcoxon test yielded an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.031 (p < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant difference between the pre-test (Mean=55.43) and post-test (Mean=56.30) scores. The intervention significantly increased positive attitudes, particularly the affective component (empati). This study provides empirical evidence in the Indonesian context on the efficacy of animated video as an innovative technological solution for character education, addressing the limitations of conventional teaching methods in fostering student empathy and pro-social behavior.
The Effectiveness of Educational Play Tools Based on Local Plants (Passion Fruit) in Enhancing Cognitive Abilities in Early Childhood Children at TK Kasih Ibu Talang Babungo
Early childhood is a crucial period in individual development, during which appropriate educational stimulation can significantly influence cognitive growth. This study was motivated by the low cognitive abilities observed in children at TK Kasih Ibu Talang Babungo, characterized by limited creativity and passive learning interactions. The purpose of this research was to enhance the cognitive abilities of children aged 5–6 years through the use of Educational Play Tools (APE) based on local passion fruit plants. This study employed a Classroom Action Research (PTK) approach following the Kemmis and McTaggart model, implemented in two cycles. Each cycle included four stages: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The research subjects consisted of 13 children, and data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed a significant improvement in the children’s cognitive abilities, with classical completeness percentages increasing from 17.95% in the pre-cycle, to 48.72% in cycle I, and reaching 87.18% in cycle II. Thus, the use of APE based on local passion fruit plants proved effective in stimulating children’s thinking skills, shape recognition, and creativity.
Eliminating Discrimination as the Fulfillment of Human Rights for Prostituted Women in Indonesia
This study aims to examine the role of the state in eliminating discrimination as part of fulfilling human rights for prostituted women in Indonesia. Discrimination against this group has continued to increase significantly, with restrictions on their fundamental rights due to their identity. Prostituted women often experience discrimination in femicide, restrictions on health services, and government policies. Despite the ratification of national and international regulations, the implementation of anti-discrimination measures has not been fully optimized. The study utilized a normative juridical method with a statute approach, focusing on an analysis of the 1945 Constitution, Law Number 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, and the international conventions CEDAW and ICCPR. The study evaluates the extent to which these legal frameworks address the protection and rights of prostituted women. The findings highlight a considerable gap between the legal norms and their practical implementation, indicating that existing regulations have not effectively eliminated discrimination. The findings are expected to contribute both theoretically and practically by strengthening legal reform efforts, particularly in relation to the implementation of Law No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights and Indonesia’s obligations under CEDAW, thereby supporting the development of more inclusive and non-discriminatory legal policies.
The Legal Dynamics of the Harun Masiku Bribery Case Involving a Commissioner of the General Elections Commission and Its Implications for the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Decision Number 57 P/HUM/2019
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the alleged bribery by Harun Masiku to Wahyu Setiawan in his capacity as a Commissioner of the General Elections Commission (KPU), focusing on the interim replacement (Pergantian Antar Waktu; PAW) mechanism for legislative candidates in the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (DPR RI), and evaluates the decisiveness of Supreme Court Decision No. 57 P/HUM/2019 of the Republic of Indonesia (MA RI). Employing a normative juridical approach grounded in library research, this study examines all trial proceedings related to the Harun Masiku bribery allegations, reviews Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections, analyzes the KPU Regulations (PKPU) concerning interim replacements, scrutinizes the operative text of Supreme Court Decision No. 57 P/HUM/2019, and surveys relevant academic literature. The research uncovers procedural loopholes susceptible to political manipulation. The MA RI’s partial annulment of specific PKPU provisions has produced divergent interpretations between the KPU and political parties, thereby undermining legal certainty and intensifying inter institutional tensions. Through the framework of legal instrumentalism, this study demonstrates that such statutory ambiguity has served as a catalyst for institutional conflict. This paper contributes an original legal analysis and advances targeted reform recommendations, particularly the clarification of PAW procedures—to strengthen the enforcement of judicial decisions and to safeguard both the independence of the KPU and the authority of the MA RI.
Strengthening Science Literacy and Spiritual Values Through Bio-Integrated Learning at Kanzul Mubaarok Boarding School Bekasi
Purpose of this study is to develop and analyze a science learning model that enhances scientific literacy while simultaneously strengthening students’ spiritual values. The background of this research is the low level of scientific literacy among Indonesian students and the lack of integration between science learning and religious values. Boarding schools are considered potential environments to implement innovative learning that connects biotechnology concepts with the teachings of the Qur’an through Bio-Integrated Learning based on project work. Methodology of this study applied a descriptive quantitative approach with a classroom action research design involving grade Ten students at Boarding School Kanzul Mubaarok Bekasi in the biology subject. The procedure included planning learning instruments, implementing biotechnology projects linked to spiritual reflection, and evaluating outcomes through pre-test and post-test of scientific literacy, questionnaires on spiritual values, and classroom observations. Findings of the research reveal improvements in scientific literacy, understanding of biotechnology concepts, critical thinking skills, student collaboration, and spiritual awareness reflected in their attitudes and reflections. Originality of this study lies in the integration of biotechnology learning with spiritual values through Bio-Integrated Learning based on project work, contributing to the development of contextual learning strategies that support the Merdeka Belajar curriculum.
The Influence of Human Resource Quality and Socialization of Financial Accounting Standards for MSMEs on Financial Reporting Quality in Magelang City
This study examines the effect of human resource quality and the socialization of the Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises on financial reporting quality. The population consisted of registered Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Magelang City, with a sample of 40 respondents selected through random sampling using Slovin’s formula. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that both human resource quality and the socialization of the Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises have a positive and significant effect on financial reporting quality. These findings suggest that improving financial knowledge and providing continuous socialization can enhance the quality of financial reporting among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises.
Development and Evaluation of EngBah Books for K-12 Students Utilizing the “Daily Habits Method”: Insights from Students and Expert Educator
This study aims to develop and evaluate an English-Indonesian textbook, titled "EngBah," for K-12 students utilizing the Daily Habits method. The book incorporates fundamental English materials (numbers, colors, time, tenses), motivational quotes, interactive games, and a journal-based vocabulary checklist. The research employs mixed methods, involving a limited sample that includes one elementary school student, two junior high school students, and one senior high school student, along with one experienced English teacher expert. This is achieved through a blended interview and questionnaire sampling model, combining physical books and e-flipbook enumeration objects to target schools and fill classes for observation and learning. The study concurrently links introductions to the contents of the object book being examined, with representatives from each student throughout the class at each school level selected through random sampling (purposive among purposive/ stratified sampling). The target criteria focus on students who demonstrate enthusiasm and show the most active interest during the pre-observation and learning period based on the EngBah book. The findings of the study indicate that the "EngBah" textbook, with its comprehensive content and innovative pedagogical features, is highly relevant and effective for K-12 learners, including beginners, in fostering consistent language acquisition through daily routines. This study offers valuable insights into the design and implementation of engaging and effective language learning materials across various educational levels.
Implementation of Joyful Learning through the Team Games Tournament (TGT) Model and Ethnopedagogical Approach: Adoption of Dakon as a Traditional Game-Based Learning Medium in Chemistry Learning as an Effort to Improve Students' Cognitive Abilities
This study aims to determine the differences in the development of students’ cognitive abilities in Chemistry, particularly in the topic of Electron Configuration, by using traditional games such as dakon and the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model. This is a quantitative study involving two classes: class X-E2 as the experimental class and class X-E3 as the control class from SMA 1 Muhammadiyah Cilacap in the 2025/2026 academic year, odd semester. Learning achievement data was collected through pretest and posttest questions. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, N-Gain analysis, and ANCOVA hypothesis testing. Learning using dakon media and the TGT model had an effect on students in improving their understanding of electron configuration concepts, as seen from the increase in test scores and N-Gain values in both classes. The ANCOVA hypothesis test showed a significant difference between the two classes, as the Sig. value (Kelas_2) was less than 0.05. These results indicate that the use of dakon as a learning medium in combination with the TGT learning model has a positive effect on students’ cognitivie abilities.
Spatial Analysis of Water Infiltration Criticality Distribution in the Northern Bandung Area (KBU)
This study aims to map water infiltration criticality in the Northern Bandung Area and identify areas with critical and very critical levels to support spatial planning and sustainable groundwater management. Infiltration criticality was analyzed using a spatial overlay of four parameters: soil type, rainfall, land use, and slope. Each parameter was scored based on infiltration potential, weighted according to influence, multiplied by its weight, and summed to produce a total infiltration value. Results were classified into six categories—Good, Naturally Normal, Beginning to Critical, Moderately Critical, Critical, and Very Critical—using Sturges’ formula for class intervals. Spatial analysis revealed variation in infiltration criticality across Northern Bandung Area. Moderately Critical areas dominate, covering 125.43 km² (32.57%), followed by Beginning to Critical (82.36 km², 21.41%) and Naturally Normal (79.52 km², 20.66%). Good areas are limited (19.07 km², 4.95%), while Critical and Very Critical zones cover 88.67 km² (20.42%). Regionally, Critical and Very Critical areas occupy 13.05 km² (14%) in Kabupaten Bandung, 30.37 km² (12%) in Kabupaten Bandung Barat, 21.75 km² (66%) in Kota Bandung, and 11.26 km² (64%) in Kota Cimahi. This study applies an established weighted overlay method to the entire Northern Bandung Area, extending previous research limited to subdistricts, and provides a comprehensive spatial overview of critical infiltration zones for regional planning and groundwater management.
Analyze of Student Needs and Satisfaction With Learning Facilities in the Library Room of the Universitas Terbuka Palu
This study aims to analyze the level of student needs and satisfaction regarding learning facilities in the library space of Universitas Terbuka Palu. The background of this research lies in the crucial role of libraries in supporting the learning process, especially in the digital era that demands adequate facilities and quick access to information. The method used is quantitative with a survey approach, involving 55 student respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using validity tests, reliability tests, and descriptive analysis. The results show that the most needed facilities by students are computers (58.18%), power outlets (54.55%), and dedicated study rooms (49.09%). However, satisfaction with these facilities remains moderate, with average satisfaction scores ranging from 2.7 to 3.7. Computers and Socket received the lowest satisfaction scores. The validity test confirmed that all instrument items were valid (r > 0.266) and reliable, with Cronbach’s Alpha values of 0.834 (needs) and 0.872 (satisfaction). These findings indicate the need for improvement in digital facilities and supporting infrastructure in the library space to meet user expectations and enhance learning quality.
Alpha Generation Language Style Shift Due to Social Media Interaction (Case Study of Yayasan Atikan Sunda Junior High School Students)
This study examines the impact of social media on language style shifts among Generation Alpha (Gen-A), with a focus on junior high school students at Yayasan Atikan Sunda in Bandung. The research employs a qualitative sociolinguistic approach, utilizing participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and qualitative data collection through speech and visual symbols such as emojis and memes in daily communication. Findings suggest that social media has a significant influence on the use of slang and visual symbols as elements of Generation Alpha's social identity. However, students continue to maintain the Sundanese language as a marker of cultural identity within the school environment, demonstrating linguistic dynamism. The study's originality is evident in its focus on Generation Alpha in junior high school and its integration of slang and visual symbol analysis, which remain underexplored in Indonesian junior high school contexts. These findings provide new insights into the interplay between formal and informal language use and cultural preservation in the digital era.
Mitigation of Mangrove Loss in Pasuruan City Based on the High-Resolution Image Spectral Index Method
This study aims to analyze the condition of mangroves in Pasuruan city, evaluate the suitability of mangrove land with spatial planning, and provide guidance for managing mangrove areas using spatial data. The methods used include the Mangrove Vegetation Index (MVI), overlay analysis between spatial plans and existing mangroves, and conservation strategies such as conservation, rehabilitation, and restoration. The results show that mangrove conditions from 2019 to 2023 have significantly declined. In 2023, the mangrove area decreased from 20.8 hectares to 15.3 hectares. Based on spatial planning, the areas deemed unsuitable are mostly located in the coastal ecosystem management zone, covering 24.8 hectares. As a result, rehabilitation should be prioritized, especially for areas that are severely damaged. The conservation zone is recommended to be at the end of Panggungrejo District, as this area still maintains relatively good mangrove conditions with optimal density. The originality of this study lies in the synthesis of MVI by combining high-resolution satellite imagery with spatial planning documents (RDTR and MTPP), creating a matrix-based conservation directive that classifies areas into zones for conservation, rehabilitation, and restoration.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Waste Management at TPS3R Mekarwangi in Realizing a Sustainable City: A Case Study on Transforming Waste into Economically Valuable Products
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of waste management by the Waste Processing Facility for Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (TPS3R) Mekarwangi (Mekar Mandiri) in supporting the realization of a sustainable city and in utilizing waste as economically valuable products, using the Triple Bottom Line framework, a management theory by J. Elkington, which encompasses environmental (planet), social (people), and economic (profit) dimensions. The research employs a mixed-method approach, focusing on semi-structured interviews with TPS3R staff, with variables determined according to environmental, social, and economic aspects. Data from the interviews were triangulated with information from Environmental Agency (DLH) officials, representatives of the neighborhood units (Rukun Warga) served, surrounding environmental documentation, and direct observations. The study also considers government regulations and standards, particularly Permen PU No. 03/PRT/M/2013, as a reference for assessing compliance and operational standards. The triangulated results were scored using a Likert scale of 1–4 to evaluate effectiveness. The findings reveal that waste management at TPS3R Mekarwangi is moderately effective in supporting the development of a sustainable city. In the environmental dimension, effectiveness is demonstrated through improvements in management quality and reductions in pollution. In the social dimension, effectiveness is reflected in the increase of service users and the creation of employment opportunities, although community participation in waste segregation remains limited. In the economic dimension, operational sustainability is maintained through community contributions, although external support and the development of recycled products remain suboptimal. This study highlights the relevance of applying the Triple Bottom Line concept, alongside government standards, in evaluating the effectiveness of community-based waste management oriented toward achieving sustainable cities.
User Interface and User Experience Testing using the Lean UX method on the UT Course Assignment (TMK) website
Technological developments have driven digital transformation in the world of education, including the use of websites as a medium to support learning. The Open University (UT) provides various online academic platforms, one of which is the Course Assignment (TMK) website, which is intended to support independent learning for students who do not attend tutorials. However, the TMK website still faces a number of complaints regarding its user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) design, which are considered to be unintuitive. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate and improve the quality of UI/UX on the TMK website using the Lean UX approach. The Lean UX method is applied in three main stages: Think, Make, and Check. Data collection was conducted through a USE Questionnaire (Usefulness, Ease of Learning, Ease of Use, and Satisfaction) distributed to 25 UT students. Initial testing results showed a usability rate of 71.44%, while after the redesign, the results improved to 106.44%. These findings indicate that after the redesign, there was a significant positive impact on the TMK website, namely an increase in user ease and user satisfaction with the TMK website. As result, this method is effective in producing a TMK website design that is more responsive, user-friendly, and supports the learning process optimally.
Arts-Based Play And Neuroplasticity In Early Childhood: An Islamic Educational Perspective
Early childhood, a peak period for neuroplasticity where the brain’s adaptability is highly responsive to stimulation, is critically important for shaping cognitive, motor, and socio-emotional development. This developmental phase aligns with the Islamic educational principle of nurturing a child’s fitrah. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of arts-based play in enhancing neuroplasticity, develop an integrated arts-Islamic pedagogy learning model, and provide empirical evidence for holistic curriculum innovation in Muslim contexts. Using a quasi-experimental design, 40 children aged 4–6 years were divided into an experimental group receiving a 12-week arts-based play intervention and a control group following a regular curriculum. Pre- and post-test data on cognitive, fine motor, and socio-emotional domains were analyzed using ANCOVA and t-tests. Results demonstrated that the experimental group achieved significantly greater gains across all developmental domains compared to the control group (p < 0.05), with substantial effect sizes. This supports the hypothesis that arts-based play robustly stimulates neuroplasticity. The study concludes that this approach not only significantly contributes to early childhood development but also embodies the Islamic vision of tarbiyah, offering a validated, interdisciplinary model for curriculum innovation that bridges neuroscience, education, and Islamic pedagogy.
Evaluation of Legal Aid and Assistance Implementation under Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2022 in Blora Regency
This study evaluates the implementation of legal aid services for micro-enterprises in Blora Regency as mandated by Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2022, with the aim of assessing policy realization and identifying barriers to its effectiveness. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through observation, semi-structured interviews with government officials, and focus group discussions involving thirty purposively selected micro-entrepreneurs. Data were analyzed using an interactive qualitative model guided by Dunn’s policy evaluation indicators. Findings show that although the regulation prescribes legal aid in the form of counseling, consultation, mediation, and document assistance, its implementation has been constrained by the absence of technical guidelines, inadequate budget allocation, and weak institutional coordination. As a result, most entrepreneurs remain unaware of the program and continue resolving disputes such as fraud, taxation conflicts, forged documents, and partnership losses through informal mechanisms. The study concludes that the policy remains normative rather than operational and fails to meet criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, equity, and responsiveness. It recommends issuing technical regulations, allocating dedicated funding, conducting systematic socialization, establishing legal aid clinics, strengthening inter-agency coordination, and integrating digital services to ensure legal protection is realized as a substantive right.
Analysis of Service Quality and Effectiveness of Implementation of Blended Learning Prosfective Civil Servants Basic Training
This study aims to analyze the quality of service and the effectiveness of the implementation of Blended Learning CPNS Basic Training at the BPSDM of Gorontalo Province. This study used a mixed research design conducted in 2024. The sample in this study were 120 Lastar participants in 2023. Qualitative data collection was carried out by conducting interviews, document analysis, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data collection was carried out using a questionnaire given to CPNS basic training participants. Data processing will be carried out using a data description model. The results of data processing will be analyzed descriptively qualitatively with generalizations made. The results of the study indicate that BPSDM of Gorontalo Province can organize Blended Learning CPNS Training well and effectively. Most training participants assessed the training facilities and instructor quality as very good. The challenge of blended learning CPNS Training is the limited face-to-face learning time for in-depth understanding of core value material and character building of participants. The Gorontalo Province BPSDM is needed to continuously improve the learning system and develop instructor competencies. This study analyzes the quality and effectiveness of the blended learning CPNS training program, the first of its kind implemented in Gorontalo Province.
Implementation of Smart Governance Policy to Improve Public Services in The Population and Civil Registration Service of Banyumas Regency
Quality public services are a primary requirement in the era of bureaucratic digitalization. One strategy developed by the local government is the implementation of smart governance through digital service innovation. This study aims to analyze the implementation of smart governance policies at the Banyumas Regency Population and Civil Registration Office (Dindukcapil) using George Edward III's implementation theory indicators, including communication factors, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results show that the implementation of smart governance at the Banyumas Dindukcapil has undergone a gradual digitalization process since 2015, which continues to be developed into a digital-based service through the website "gratiskabeh.banyumaskab.go.id". However, its implementation still faces obstacles, namely limited digital literacy and unequal internet network infrastructure. The implementation of this public policy is running in accordance with the indicators of George Edward III's theory and supports the improvement of the quality of population administration services. This research provides an academic contribution in enriching studies on the implementation of smart governance in regional-level public services and has a positive impact on service efficiency and transparency.
Big Data-Based Public Service Strategy at Subang Regency Hospital, West Java
In the digital era, data has become a valuable asset in supporting the effectiveness of the public sector, including healthcare services. Subang District General Hospital (RSUD Subang) still faces several challenges such as long queues, delays in pharmacy services, and patient complaints regarding service quality. This study aims to analyze public service strategies based on Big Data at RSUD Subang using a quantitative approach with SWOT analysis. Data were collected through surveys, observations, and interviews with hospital staff, patients, and relevant stakeholders. The findings reveal that the utilization of Big Data can accelerate patient data processing, improve medical information accuracy, and facilitate strategic decision-making. The proposed strategies include real-time queue management, electronic medical records, and enhanced transpaarency in hospital services. This study is expected to contribute to the creation of more responsive, efficient, and patient-centered hospital public services.
Effectiveness of Tutorial Webinar and Tutorial Online in Supporting Student Learning Outcomes in SIPAS Semi PGSD UT Medan
Universitas Terbuka Medan offers the SIPAS Semi service that combines Tutorial Webinar (Tuweb) and Tutorial Online (Tuton) to support undergraduate Primary School Teacher Education students in distance learning. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of both tutorial modes in improving academic outcomes through regression analysis and student perceptions. A quantitative descriptive approach with multiple linear regression was employed, involving 100 seventh-semester students purposively selected from Salut Simalungun, Asahan, and Tobasa. Data were obtained through questionnaires and institutional records, then analyzed using validity and reliability testing, classical regression assumptions, model testing, and descriptive analysis of perceptions. The regression model IPS = 0.019 + 0.394 (Tuton) + 0.598 (Tuweb) demonstrated that both variables significantly affected student performance, with Tuweb contributing more strongly. Students perceived Tuweb as motivating and interactive, while Tuton fostered independence despite limited tutor feedback. These results confirm that Tuweb and Tuton are complementary in enhancing distance learning outcomes. The study concludes that both tutorials improve achievement, with Tuweb exerting greater influence. Recommendations include strengthening tutor responsiveness in Tuton and improving technical infrastructure to maximize the blended tutorial model. Future research could extend to other study programs or investigate long-term effects on learning achievement.
Valuation of Fisheries Resource Utilization in Coral Reef Ecosystems of the Thousand Islands National Park
The Thousand Islands National Park, located in the Java Sea, harbors significant coral reef ecosystems that support artisanal fisheries and tourism. This study aims to assess the economic value of fisheries resource utilization in this area, integrating both market and non-market valuation methods. A combination of bioeconomic modeling and contingent valuation was used to estimate the sustainable economic yield and the willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation. Results indicate that the total annual economic value of reef-associated fisheries is approximately IDR 45 billion, with significant potential for enhanced sustainable income under improved management. Policy recommendations include ecosystem-based management, community-based monitoring, and improved enforcement mechanisms. Originality produces new knowledge without repeating what has already been done by others.
The Influence of Mobile Library Services on Students' Reading Interest at SDN Inpres 02 Lasoani, Palu
This study aims to analyze the influence of mobile library services on students' reading interest at SDN Inpres 02 Lasoani, Palu. The low reading interest among elementary school students in Palu is influenced by several factors, one of which is limited access to reading materials that are appropriate for their age. Mobile libraries are present as a solution by bringing book collections directly to schools, providing easy access, and encouraging students' reading interest. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach with a survey method by distributing questionnaires to students after a mobile library visit. The results of the study show that mobile library services have a positive effect on increasing students' reading interest, especially in terms of book variety, interaction during visits, and the frequency of mobile libraries coming to schools. In addition, supporting factors such as support from teachers and parents also play a role in increasing students' reading interest. This study is expected to provide recommendations to schools and the government to optimize the mobile library program, as well as improve literacy and reading culture among students from an early age.
User-Centric Approaches to Information Literacy: Measuring Impacts at the Ardi Koesoema Library
The enhancement of library service quality is pivotal to meeting user expectations. As a specialized library in Indonesia, the RI Ardi Koesoema (AK) Library is committed to user-focused service improvement through its information literacy programs, including forest information services and ecoliteracy initiatives. This study evaluates user satisfaction and examines the impact of these information literacy programs, emphasizing their relevance to user needs. Employing a qualitative methodology, the study involved 30 respondents for assessing user satisfaction and 19 respondents for evaluating the ecoliteracy program. Data were gathered through questionnaires and analyzed using a Likert scale followed by qualitative interpretation. Findings reveal that most users were satisfied with the library’s free access, professionalism of librarians, and friendly environment, though 30% highlighted dissatisfaction with the collections. To address this, the library must enhance its collections while maintaining regular ecoliteracy programs to strengthen its role in promoting environmental and forestry literacy. By addressing user satisfaction, applying data-driven strategies, and integrating eco-literacy, the RI Ardi Koesoema Library strengthens its role in environmental education and community empowerment. These efforts contribute to national literacy goals while advancing sustainable development.
Strategy for the Urban Heritage Conservation in Depok City
Urban heritage conservation is an effort to preserve the existence and value of cultural heritage sites so that they remain intact and are not damaged or lost. The Depok Lama heritage area includes a number of historic buildings, such as houses left behind by Dutch families in Depok, old places of worship, and Christian mission schools established from the late 17th to early 20th centuries. In addition to the heritage buildings, several important sites are the result of conservation efforts by local communities and urban history enthusiasts. Heritage conservation in Depok Lama faces challenges in the form of land conversion, development pressure, and the lack of cultural heritage status for many old buildings. Therefore, this study aims to identify and develop appropriate heritage conservation strategies in Depok. Data collection was carried out in the Depok Lama area, namely along Jalan Pemuda and several places related to the development of the Depok Lama area, using the observation method. The data used consisted of spatial data, information from relevant stakeholders, and data from various literature studies. The study used a qualitative method with scoring related to the suitability of standards for 15 cultural heritage objects located in the Depok Lama area, followed by gap and SWOT analyses. The results of the study show that there are various potentials that can be developed along with strategies and recommendations that need to be carried out in conservation efforts, namely an integrated strategy based on the SWOT matrix for the Depok Lama cultural heritage area. From the findings of the study, it can also be concluded that there are various colonial-style cultural heritage buildings that are part of the heritage area and have high historical value. The Depok heritage area can become a new identity for this city and boost the economy of the surrounding area through the tourism and historical education sectors.
Analysis of Markowitz Portfolio Performance Evaluation on IDX Quality 30 with the Jensen Alpha Method
The capital market has an important role in the economy as a funding medium and a means for companies to obtain funds from investors. This study aims to evaluate the Markowitz Optimal Portfolio using Jensen Alpha at IDX Quality 30. Evaluation is carried out after the portfolio is formed using the Markowitz Model, then the performance is measured with Jensen Alpha to show that the portfolio is producing risk-adjusted returns that exceed the expected returns. The method used was descriptive quantitative with purposive sampling techniques based on certain criteria, using weekly data from January - December 2024. 24 stocks were selected as samples. The optimal portfolio consists of 8 stocks, namely ADRO (4.14%), BBCA (42.85%), BFIN (0.94%), MYOR (28.05%), SIDO (13.86%), and UNTR (4.42%), with portfolio return expectations (0.19%) and risk (1.65%). Evaluation using Jensen Alpha shows that UNTR shares have the best performance based on the SML approach with an alpha value of 14.89%, while ADRO shares show the best performance based on the CML approach with an alpha value of 24.92%, which shows a performance above market expectations. The portfolio's performance was also positive with alphas of 7.63% (SML) and 13.62% (CML). The Markowitz and Jensen Alpha models complement each other in the concept of Risk-Management and can be used to manage and evaluate portfolios in the midst of declining market conditions.
The Effectiveness of PROPER in Promoting Social Innovation and Sustainable Environmental Management in Indonesia
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Indonesia’s Environmental Performance Rating Program (PROPER) in fostering social innovation and sustainable environmental governance that contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with Community Development Officers from gold-rated candidate companies in the oil and gas sector, complemented by document analysis of national reports, sustainability disclosures, and PROPER guidelines. Thematic analysis was applied to identify key institutional and organizational patterns shaping corporate sustainability behavior. The findings reveal that PROPER’s effectiveness operates through dual mechanisms: institutional pressure (coercive and normative) that triggers compliance and transformation, and signaling mechanisms that enhance reputational legitimacy and internal incentives for innovation. These mechanisms create a self-reinforcing loop that drives companies beyond compliance toward shared value creation. The study highlights PROPER’s strategic role as an information-based regulatory instrument that integrates transparency, accountability, and collaboration across stakeholders. Its evolution demonstrates how regulatory frameworks can catalyze institutional learning and embed sustainability within corporate strategies. This research contributes original insights into how environmental disclosure programs in developing countries can transform governance systems and accelerate progress toward national and global sustainability goals.
Aligning Teachers’ Difficulty in Their Classroom Instruction with National Curriculum Standards
This study examines the degree of alignment between teachers’ difficulty in their classroom instruction and national curriculum standards. This alignment may vary as a function of teacher characteristics. Using self-reports from teachers about their difficulty experiences in teaching the national curriculum standards, the study explores the extent to which teachers’ difficulty in their classroom instruction aligns with Indonesian national standards in the following nationally-assessed subjects: Indonesian, English, science, and mathematics. A mixed multilevel regression analyses was used to examine the relationships between alignments and teacher characteristics. The study involved 501 junior secondary school teachers from three western provinces in Indonesia (Lampung, Jakarta, and East Java). The findings showed accounted for 51.5% of the variance of teacher difficulty level as explained by teacher characteristics. Teacher characteristics did predict alignment in terms of teacher difficulty. Specifically, teachers with the most difficulty worked in government schools, did not have subject related majors, had more years of experience, lower levels of education and less adequate professional development regarding curriculum standards. In addition, teachers had more difficulty teaching math than English but they had more difficulty teaching science than math.
Cultural Adaptation and Local Wisdom: The Role of Tolaki Women in Sustaining Rice Farming Under Climate Change
This study aims to explore the adaptive strategies of Tolaki women farmers in responding to climate change within the rice farming system in Matabuhu Village, South Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi. The focus is to understand how local women integrate traditional ecological knowledge with modern agricultural innovations to sustain productivity and community resilience. The research employed a qualitative ethnographic approach conducted from March to August 2025. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with 20 key informants, and documentation. Thematic analysis was used to identify women’s roles across each stage of the rice farming cycle, from land preparation to post-harvest management. The results show that Tolaki women play four central roles: as custodians of ecological knowledge, social mobilizers, adaptive innovators, and architects of local food security. They combine indigenous ecological knowledge with agricultural extension inputs to develop climate-smart practices, strengthen samaturu (collective cooperation) and mosalipue (mutual assistance), and maintain household food reserves through the ala (granary) system. These practices enhance ecological balance, social solidarity, and resilience to climatic uncertainty. This study highlights a community-based model of climate-smart agriculture led by women. The Tolaki women’s adaptation model demonstrates that sustainable agriculture under climate pressure depends not only on technology but also on cultural values, gendered knowledge, and collective action—providing valuable insights for inclusive agricultural policy in tropical regions.
Design and Development of An Interactive Learning Media Based on Leap Motion for Introducing Animals to Early Childhood Learners
This study aims to design an interactive learning medium based on Leap Motion technology to introduce various types of animals to early childhood learners in an engaging, immersive, and developmentally appropriate manner. It addresses the scarcity of multisensory educational media that combine motion, visualization, and audio to support play-based learning in Early Childhood Education (ECE). The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, focusing on the needs analysis phase. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews involving teachers, parents, and ECE experts in the development of the LeapZoo application. The results indicate that conventional methods of introducing animals are often passive and less engaging. Children require kinesthetic and interactive media responsive to movement. Leap Motion was found to enhance both gross and fine motor coordination while increasing learning engagement. The LeapZoo concept incorporates hand motion tracking, 3D visualization, animal animations, and distinctive audio to provide a holistic learning experience. This study contributes original insights into the use of Leap Motion as a digital scaffolding tool in ECE. The findings highlight the importance of interactive technology-based innovations in promoting embodied learning and recommend teacher training and infrastructure support for effective implementation.
Sustainable Pedagogy in E-Learning: Preparing Lifelong Learners for the Disruption Era
This inquiry presents a futuristic model of sustainable e-learning pedagogy that integrates innovation, inclusivity, and collaboration to empower lifelong learners, enhance global mobility, and build resilient learning ecosystems in the disruption era. This inquiry examines how sustainable e-learning pedagogy can prepare lifelong learners to navigate the disruption era, marked by technological acceleration, globalization, and uncertainty. It emphasizes the balance between innovation, inclusivity, and long-term educational resilience. This study utilizes a qualitative systematic literature review to synthesize global practices and theoretical comprehensions from Constructivism, Connectivism, and Self-Determination Theory. It analyzes the role of emerging tools: AI-driven Personalization, Extended Reality, Blockchain Credentialing, and Mobile Learning Ecosystems in fostering inclusive and future-ready pedagogy. The study identifies three key pillars of sustainable e-learning pedagogy: Resilient Pedagogy (enabling adaptability and agility in the era of disruption), Collaborative Intelligence (integrating human creativity with AI to enhance global research and knowledge exchange), and Sustainable Inclusivity (ensuring equitable access through universal design and adaptive learning pathways). Synchronously, they support lifelong learners while advancing global mobility in education and research. The results propose a futuristic pedagogical model that harmonizes sustainability, inclusivity, and innovation. By reframing e-learning both as a catalyst for lifelong learning and a driver of global collaboration, it contributes to building resilient, future-ready learning ecosystems.
Readiness of Undergraduate Taxation Graduates for Employment in the Industrial Sector
This paper evaluates the readiness of undergraduate (S1) Taxation graduates to work in the industrial sector using a mixed-methods design. Survey data (N=160) and expert interviews indicate strong theoretical mastery but weaker practical readiness, notably in digital taxation, regulatory updating, and communication. The discussion aligns these gaps with employability and experiential learning literature and recommends industry-embedded learning, updated curricula, and hands-on digital tax practice to enhance employability (OECD, 2022; World Bank, 2021; Yorke, 2006). The rapid development of industry requires graduates who not only possess strong theoretical knowledge but also practical skills relevant to taxation practices in companies. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through surveys and interviews involving graduates, academics, and industry practitioners.