International Conference on Teaching and Learning
The 1st International Conference on Teaching and Learning will held on the 18th of November, 2023. This education conference will bring together the vibrant community of teacher, researchers, and other members of academia for one day of learning and networking. ICTL 2023 is a prime opportunity for you to present your research, receive feedback from your peers, and get published in academic journals. The program of this international education conference have a theme Digital Transformation: Future Challanges and Opportunities in Teaching and Learning. Every participant – whether a presenter or an attendee – is encouraged to join the discussion and brainstorm solutions that would move the field into the future. To make sure that as many members of academia can join as possible, the event can be attended virtually. Don’t miss out.
Implementation of Cybernetic-Based Independent Curriculum in Early Childhood Education Institutions in Banten Province
In the Indonesian context, the Independent Curriculum offers flexibility in the learning process, but its implementation in ECE faces challenges, especially related to technology and infrastructure. This study aims to explore the implementation of the cybernetic-based Independent Curriculum in ECE institutions in Banten Province, with a focus on the readiness of institutions, educators, and access to technology. A qualitative method with a case study design was used to explore the conditions in three ECE institutions. The results of the study show that although Condrodimuko Kindergarten has successfully implemented this curriculum, challenges such as lack of teachers' digital literacy and parental support still exist. At Nur Amila Kindergarten, teachers are trying to adapt, but limited network access hinders the use of technology. Meanwhile, Al-Mumtaz Islamic Kindergarten has not implemented a cybernetic approach because it is still using the center learning method. This research is expected to provide recommendations for improving the quality of early childhood education in Banten and support government policies in realizing an inclusive and adaptive Independent Curriculum
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The Influence of National Education Funding Efficiency on The Level of Regional Educational Development Disparity
Education is a fundamental pillar of national development, where improving quality and ensuring equitable access are crucial for developing superior human resources. This study examines the impact of national education funding efficiency on regional educational disparities by conducting a literature review of previous studies. The research synthesizes findings from nine peer-reviewed journals (two national and seven international), focusing on the relationship between education funding allocation, efficiency, and regional disparities. The findings indicate that efficient fund management positively correlates with improved education quality and reduced disparities. Regions with transparent allocation mechanisms and effective monitoring demonstrate higher school participation rates, improved graduation rates, and better learning facilities. However, disparities persist due to unequal distribution of educational resources, particularly in areas dependent on local tax revenues. This study suggests that increasing education budgets alone does not guarantee educational equity—fund management efficiency is crucial. Policy recommendations include strengthening fund distribution mechanisms, implementing performance-based funding models, and enhancing decentralized management with accountability measures. These strategies can help minimize regional disparities and promote equal educational opportunities nationwide
Evaluation of Budget Management Using Siplah in Junior High School Education Units
This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Electronic School Procurement Information System (SIPLah) in the procurement of goods and services at junior secondary education units (SMP level). The evaluation adopts the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model. This study uses a quantitative approach, by analyzing the results of the evaluation questionnaire given to the research sample. The sample consists of 305 junior high schools in the Solo Raya region, including Surakarta City, and the districts of Klaten, Karanganyar, Boyolali, Sragen, Sukoharjo, and Wonogiri. Sampling was conducted using a proportionate random sampling technique. The evaluation results show that the Context component scored 76% (good category), Input 76% (good), Process 82% (very good), and Product 73% (good). These findings indicate that SIPLah plays a significant role in ensuring the timely availability of goods aligned with the needs of educational institutions. SIPLah has succeeded in improving the efficiency of procurement of goods and services, transparency, and accountability, despite challenges such as digital divides, lack of user training, and limited participation of MSMEs. This study highlights the importance of the role of school principals and the need for continuous training for SIPLah optimization.
From Classroom to Life: SEL’s Role in Inclusive Schools under Permendikbudristek No. 48/2023
This article examines the implementation of Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) as a key strategy for fostering inclusive, student-friendly schools, in line with Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology Regulation No. 48 of 2023. SEL is recognized as a holistic approach that enhances not only academic performance but also social, emotional, and character development. The study, conducted at SMKN 5 Samarinda, used a qualitative approach, including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that integrating SEL into daily routines and lessons created a conducive classroom environment, increased empathy, self-confidence, and emotional regulation, and strengthened students' social relationships. Furthermore, SEL supports the implementation of inclusive education and prepares students for future workforce challenges. The article highlights the importance of teacher training and policy reinforcement to ensure that SEL is applied systematically and sustainably in all educational settings. The consistent application of SEL is crucial for developing well-rounded students who excel academically and possess the necessary social-emotional skills to thrive in both educational and professional environments.
Folktales for EFL: Enhancing Speaking Skills and Self-Directed Learning Strategies
In recent years, the integration of cultural narratives into EFL instruction has garnered increasing attention, particularly in light of the need to foster both communicative competence and autonomous learning among learners. However, there remains a lack of synthesized evidence on how folktale-inspired English materials contribute to the development of speaking skills and self-directed learning. This study aims to systematically review and analyze empirical research on the use of folktale-based materials in EFL settings, with a particular focus on promoting communicative skills and self-directed learning strategies. Adopting the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, this study implemented a multi-stage systematic review process. Data were collected from four major databases; Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and Wiley, using specific keywords related to folktales, speaking skills, autonomy, and EFL learning. A total of 25 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2025 met the inclusion criteria after screening and quality appraisal using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. Data analysis was conducted through thematic synthesis. Findings indicate that folktale-based materials significantly enhance learners’ oral fluency, confidence, and intercultural communicative competence while also fostering independent learning behaviors, such as self-monitoring and goal-setting. Key success factors include the integration of interactive tools (e.g., flashcards, storytelling tasks, dramatization), culturally contextualized tasks, and teacher facilitation of reflective learning. However, challenges such as material adaptation, teacher preparedness, and assessment of autonomous learning remain underexplored
The Necessity of Guidance and Counseling Courses for Pre-Service Teachers
This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the importance of integrating Guidance and Counseling courses into the curriculum of study programs in the Faculty of Education and Teacher Training to address the rapid development of science and technology as well as socio-cultural changes. The respondents in this survey were students from non-guidance and counseling study programs within the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of a state university in Karawang, West Java, Indonesia. The survey data was processed using percentage analysis, where respondents' perceptions were categorized based on percentage criteria. This study concludes that guidance and counseling courses should be incorporated into all education programs to equip prospective teachers with essential skills for addressing globalization, technological advancements, and socio-cultural changes. The recommendation for education policymakers, particularly those responsible for training future teachers, is to ensure that guidance and counseling courses remain a part of the education study program curriculum.
Integration of the Steam Approach in Deep Learning to Stimulate Students' Critical Thinking
This quantitative study examines the impact of integrating STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) approaches into deep learning models to enhance students' critical thinking skills. A quasi-experimental design was employed with 120 high school students (60 experimental, 60 control) using pre-test/post-test measures based on the Cornell Critical Thinking Test (CCTT). Results indicated a statistically significant improvement in critical thinking scores (p < 0.05, Cohen’s d = 0.89) among students exposed to STEAM-deep learning modules. Qualitative analysis of project artifacts further revealed enhanced problem-solving and creativity. The study underscores the efficacy of interdisciplinary STEAM pedagogy in fostering 21st-century skills
The Effectiveness of the Digital Technology-Based Educational Transformation Model to Strengthen Police Professional Competence
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the digital technology-based educational transformation model in improving the professional competence of students at the College of Police Science (STIK), Jakarta. Using a mixed method, this study involved 50 students who were surveyed to measure the level of satisfaction and impact of digital technology on professional competence. The results showed that 82% of college students felt better prepared for challenges in the field, while 78% reported improved analytical and investigative skills. The t-test showed p-value = 0.03, indicating the positive influence of digital technology on student competence. A qualitative approach through interviews and observations with 10 students and 5 teachers revealed that students felt more engaged and motivated, while teachers reported that technology supported more interactive learning, despite technical challenges. This study suggests improving technology infrastructure and teacher training to maximize the use of technology in learning. These findings can serve as a reference for police education institutions and other professional training institutions.
Analysis of Early Childhood Language Acquisition Development Methods 5-6 Years Old
Early childhood education is a very important foundation in shaping children's physical, social-emotional and language development. Language is a fundamental aspect that greatly influences the overall growth and development of children. Without strong language skills, children cannot perform their daily activities optimally. This study aims to describe and analyze the method of developing language acquisition in children aged 5-6 years at Graha Asri PAUD in Kendari City. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews and direct observation in the classroom. The results showed that language acquisition development methods in early childhood are very important to support the growth of communication and language skills. Graha Asri PAUD applies various methods in language learning, including storytelling, conversations, questions and answers, role-playing, and singing. These five methods have been proven effective in developing children's language skills. Therefore, these methods are considered efficient and relevant to continue to be developed and applied in early childhood education practices.
Using CSR to Improve Reading Skills of Students at Global English Pare
Reading is one of the most important skills which English learners should acquire. However, many students still face difficulties in understanding the passages which they read, and this is reflected in their poor scores. This article aimed to enhance students' proficiency in reading English texts through the implementation of Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR). This study employed Classroom Action Research with a focus on intermediate-level students at Global English Course Pare, Kediri. The research was executed in two distinct cycles. During Cycle I, an improvement in the students' reading comprehension performance was observed, reflected by an average score of 60.5. In Cycle II, there was a marked enhancement in their reading comprehension skills, with the average score rising to 71.3. These findings indicate that the implementation of Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) method significantly enhanced the reading comprehension proficiency of intermediate-level students. Additionally, it was noted that this method fostered greater enjoyment among students and elicited more active participation and heightened motivation in learning together.
Inclusive Cafe: ½ Kopi Tiam Cafe as a Place to Learn Independence for People with Disabilities
This paper aims to explore the role of ½ Kopi Tiam Cafe as an inclusive space for people with disabilities in the context of social and economic empowerment. The main argument is that this cafe serves not only as a gathering place, but also as a training centre that enables people with disabilities to develop life skills, both technical and social, and build independence. This cafe also plays a role in reducing social stigma towards people with disabilities and provides them with opportunities to contribute to local economy. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design, which allows researchers to explore in depth the experiences and realities faced by people with disabilities working at ½ Kopi Tiam Cafe. Data collection techniques were conducted through semi-structured interviews and observations to obtain richer information about the impact of inclusive cafe on the lives of people with disabilities. Data analysis was conducted using Talcott Parsons' A-G-I-L scheme, which emphasizes adaptation, goal achievement, integration, and maintenance of latent patterns in social systems. The conclusion of this paper is that ½ Kopi Tiam Cafe plays an important role in creating an inclusive social space for people with disabilities, by providing skills training that increases their independence and strengthens their social integration in society. Through the application of the AGIL scheme, this cafe successfully adapts to the needs of people with disabilities, achieves its goals of empowerment, creates positive social integration, and maintains social patterns that support changes in community perceptions of people with disabilities. This cafe serves as a model for other businesses to create equal opportunities for all individuals without exception
Increasing Early Childhood Resilience nn Social Change by Instilling Social-Emotional Skills
This study aims to increase early childhood resilience in social change by instilling social-emotional skills. The method used is classroom action research conducted on 15 early childhood children at a kindergarten in Samarinda City. This research was conducted in two cycles, wherein in each cycle, three meetings were held for one hour each. Data was collected through observation and interviews with teachers and parents. The results showed that children showed increased resilience and ability to cope with social change after being given social-emotional skills training. Indicators of growing resilience observed include controlling emotions, solving problems, and communicating well. Teachers and parents also reported that children improved their social interaction with peers and family. It can be concluded that providing social-emotional skills training can increase early childhood resilience amid social change. This training can be carried out through a play approach and fun activities so that children can easily practice social-emotional skills in everyday life. Therefore, it is recommended that educators and parents pay more attention to developing children's social-emotional skills from an early age to increase their resilience in facing social changes in the future.
Analysis of Students’ Difficulties in Completing Master’s Final Projects at UT Palangka Raya
The Final Project of the Master Program (TAPM) is a required project for postgraduate students at the Open University. Based on the lecturer’s experience, many students struggle to complete their studies on time due to challenges in completing TAPM. This study aims to analyze and describe the difficulties students face in finishing TAPM at the Open University of Palangka Raya. The research uses a qualitative case study approach, with 20 informants consisting of active students and alumni. Data was collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, with analysis using the Interactive Analysis technique. The study identified several difficulties: (1) identifying and describing "empirical problems" and presenting tables and images; (2) distinguishing between "theory" and "policy," explaining the "novelty" of research, and developing a framework; (3) creating research instruments and conducting trials; (4) presenting data systematically and discussing it coherently. Additionally, the analysis revealed that descriptive statistical results were not discussed, and only inferential statistical results were elaborated. There was limited mastery of theory, and the "Results" section was longer than the "Discussion" section
Transforming Distance Education: Strategic Innovations in Engagement, Feedback, and Assessment at Universitas Terbuka
Distance education, particularly in expansive and geographically diverse countries like Indonesia, faces the dual challenge of accessibility and quality. Universitas Terbuka (UT), Indonesia’s largest open university, serves as a vital case study for scalable, technology-driven learning models. This research adopts a convergent parallel mixed-methods approach to design and evaluate an integrated e-learning framework tailored to UT’s unique context. Data from 75 postgraduate student surveys and interviews with 12 participants revealed that structured, diverse feedback (i.e., spanning instructor, automated, and peer-generated sources) significantly enhances learner autonomy, motivation, and academic outcomes. Furthermore, students favoured formative, low-stakes assessments for reducing anxiety and supporting continuous learning over traditional high-stakes evaluations. The findings also emphasize the importance of a hybrid assessment model, balancing synchronous and asynchronous methods to meet diverse learner needs. Despite these advancements, challenges such as ensuring feedback timeliness and consistent assessment design persist. Addressing these gaps, the proposed framework merges pedagogical best practices with adaptive strategies to foster an inclusive, high-quality distance education ecosystem. This study offers practical insights for enhancing engagement, equity, and student success in large-scale online education environments.
Leveraging AI For Effective Writing Instruction: Best Practices for Enhancing EFL Learners' Skills and Critical Thinking
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into writing instruction has emerged as a powerful strategy in boosting learners’ literacy skills, especially in EFL contexts. This study delves best practices in teaching and learning writing through AI-powered writing tools, highlighting the importance of treating AI as a supportive aid in writing process rather than replacement. Implementing AI within a process writing framework—planning, drafting, revising, and editing—promotes a deeper understanding of writing as a recursive and reflective process. Additionally, students are encouraged to think critically by evaluating AI-generated suggestions, fostering analytical skills and active engagement. Personalized feedback from AI applications further supports differentiated learning, allowing students to identify and address their unique areas for improvement. Collaborative writing with AI, combined with ethical and responsible use guidelines, also enhances creativity and digital literacy. These practices not only improve writing proficiency but also cultivate critical thinking, autonomy, and technological competence among learners, making AI a valuable tool in modern writing pedagogy.
STEAM-PjBL Effectiveness on 6c 21st-Century Skills Improvement in Bilingual Educational Program
The study uncovered the effectiveness of project-based learning activities using STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) in ESL (English as a Second Language) environments that are operating under bilingual educational programs. The primary finding of this study is to examine its effects on the acquisition of 21st-century skills based on the 6C model (Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking, Creativity, Citizenship, and Character). In addition, this STEAM-PjBL initiative is also regarded as the turning point in implementing the Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) approach in the school. Although previous studies reported positive results in the development of 2C or 4C skills with the integration of STEAM-PjBL and CLIL, the present study tries to provide a more comprehensive explanation by examining the growth of all six dimensions of 6C skills at the same time. Pre-tests, STEAM-PjBL application, final project presentations, and post-tests constituted the eight weeks of activities undertaken by 160 seventh-grade students from a public school. After six weeks of intervention, the results showed an upward trend towards improvement, as 45% of students were able to progress in all six 6C competencies, 30% showing wide progress in five of the six, 15% showing progress in four, and just 10% showing slight improvement in three. According to this research, the integration of STEAM-PjBL in ESL instruction can not only improve the students' English language skills but also provide them with 21st-century skills, especially in CLIL instruction.
Development of A Digital-Based Democratic Education Model to Strengthen Political Tolerance in Students
The urgency of this research lies in the increasing political polarization among the younger generation, especially students, caused by the misuse of digital media as a space for political discussion. The purpose of this research is to analyze and develop an effective digital-based democracy education model to strengthen students' political tolerance in the digital era. The method used is research and development (R&D) design with quantitative and qualitative approaches. This research includes needs analysis, model development, expert validation, limited trials, and extensive implementation. The results show that: Democracy education in higher education has strong support from universities, including the rector, with 87% of respondents stating the importance of strengthening democracy education. Lecturers also play an active role in providing understanding to students through learning that instills the values of social justice, inclusivity, respect, and tolerance. This was positively received by 88% of students. In addition, interaction between students from various regions, cultures, and tribes encourages the growth of mutual respect and peaceful coexistence in the campus environment. As many as 90% of students show a strong attitude of political tolerance as a result of the educational process. The conclusion is that democratic education received high support from universities (87%) and was positively accepted by students (88%). Lecturers play a role in forming a tolerant character through the value of diversity. Interaction between students strengthens the attitude of political tolerance (90%) in the campus environment
A Literature Review on Book-Sharing Activities for Promoting Emergent Literacy in Young Children
Emergent literacy is a foundational aspect for children as they progress toward the stage where they can read and write formally. Early literacy can be enhanced through various activities, one of which is book-sharing activities. This literature review aims to explore and examine findings from recent empirical studies regarding the role and effectiveness of book-sharing activities in promoting early literacy in young children. The review highlights components of book-sharing interventions such as interactive storytelling, adult involvement—either by teachers or parents—and the quality of adult-child interactions. The results of study show that children who are frequently exposed to book-sharing activities demonstrate improved vocabulary acquisition, phonological awareness, print awareness, storytelling skills, and emerging reading abilities. Based on these findings, the review emphasizes the importance of integrating book-sharing into early childhood education settings as a meaningful approach to support early literacy development.
Improving Understanding of Math Story Problems Through Culturally Responsive Teaching Approach Implementation
This study aims to improve the understanding of mathematics story problems among fourth-grade students at SDN Ciruas I through the implementation of the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach. The research background stems from students’ low ability to solve story problems, which are often non-contextual and lack relevance to their cultural backgrounds. CRT aligns learning with students’ culture, life experiences, and local context to create a more meaningful and inclusive learning process. This research employed a qualitative Classroom Action Research (CAR) method conducted in two cycles. The subjects were 34 fourth-grade students of SDN Ciruas I. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, written tests, and documentation. Data were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively to evaluate changes in students’ understanding before and after the intervention. The results showed that the CRT approach enhanced student engagement during learning and improved their ability to understand and solve mathematics story problems. This approach proved effective in contextual mathematics learning, especially in culturally diverse classrooms. The study recommends integrating CRT into the curriculum and teacher training programs to promote learning that supports the diverse needs of students.
Development of Augmented Reality Integrated Google Sites Multimedia to Enhance Elementary School Students' Understanding of the Food Chain Concept
This study aims to develop and evaluate Augmented Reality (AR)-based learning multimedia integrated with Google Sites to enhance the understanding of the food chain concept in elementary schools. The study employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model. This development is evaluated through needs analysis, expert validation, effectiveness testing, and analysis of student responses to determine the extent to which the research findings address the research questions. The needs analysis was conducted through interviews with students and teachers and analyzed using content analysis with the stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The analysis results indicate that students and teachers have difficulty understanding the food chain concept due to the limitations of interactive and visual learning media. Therefore, the development of AR-based multimedia is necessary to help students visualize the concept more concretely. The developed multimedia has been validated by media experts, content experts, and practitioners using the V Aiken index, with the assessment results categorized as "Feasible" in terms of content, graphics, and media aspects. Effectiveness testing was conducted using the Effect Size (Cohen’s d) calculation, yielding a value of 1.163563, which falls into the large effect category. These results indicate that the use of AR-based multimedia on Google Sites significantly improves students' understanding of the food chain concept compared to conventional methods. Student responses were analyzed descriptively with categorization through SPSS, covering aspects of perceived usefulness, ease of use, behavioral intention, and attitude towards the media. The results show that 100% of respondents fall into the high acceptance category, with students stating that the multimedia is beneficial, easy to use, and engaging. Thus, Augmented Reality-based learning multimedia integrated with Google Sites is proven to be feasible, effective, and well-received in enhancing the understanding of the food chain concept in elementary schools.
Implementation of Problem-Based Learning Assisted by Assemblr Edu: An Innovative Strategy to Encourage Students' Creative Thinking in Trigonometry
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the Problem-Based Learning Model assisted by Assemblr Edu to encourage students' creative thinking skills in trigonometry material in class IX MTs Al-Ma'shum Sidodadi in the 2024/2025 school year. This study used a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design, focused on all ninth-grade students. IX-A was used as the experimental class using the problem-based learning model, and class IX-B as the control class using the direct learning model. Random samples were taken randomly before learning began, with average pretest results of 66.38 for the experimental and 57.06 for the control classes. After the teaching is complete, the T-test results are obtained. then is rejected and Is accepted, meaning that there is an Effect of Problem Based Learning Model Assisted by Assemblr Edu to Encourage Students' Creative Thinking Ability in Trigonometry Class IX MTs Al-Ma'shum Sidodadi academic year 2024/2025.
Story Journey Videos: Innovating Christian Education in Open University E-Learning
This study examines the use of Story Journey videos as an innovative strategy in Christian Religious Education learning on the Open University e-learning platform. In context education, distance far away, creating an enjoyable learning​ experience becomes challenging, especially for eye-catching lectures that contain spiritual values and understanding of theology. This study aims to evaluate how much video content is based on narrative to increase student involvement and awareness. With a qualitative approach through descriptive analysis, data were collected from the 63 undergraduate students who participated in this study through a survey and evaluation of the learning process. Video Story Journey was designed and integrated into eight e-learning sessions, with data collection carried out after students had followed four online tutorial sessions. Analysis results show that this video's implementation positively impacts quality learning. The majority of respondents state that the channel in which the story is presented in video helps them still focus, improve motivation in finishing tasks, and encourage discipline in accessing and gathering tasks routinely. They also assess that delivering explicit material​ through visual and narrative media has an impact on increasing the quality of collected assignments.​ Approach This contributes significantly to the digital-based religious teaching development method, especially in design experience, making learning more​ interesting and meaningful for students.
Improve Fine Motor Skills Through Rice Collage Activities in Early Childhood
This study aims to improve fine motor skills and the quality of learning through collage activities using food materials in the form of in PAUD Al Mu'minun. The research method used is PTK (Classroom Action Research) with two cycles consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Each cycle involves collage activities using food materials in the form of rice in this study. This researcher uses data collection in the form of observation, and documentation. The results of the study show that collage activities with rice can train children's focus, expand creativity and foster children's interest through artwork. The results are proven through learning activities through collage activities with rice, which have increased from cycle 1, namely 3 children or 30% of children have developed very well. In cycle II, namely 8 children or 80% of children have developed very well. This proves that children's fine motor skills have increased by 50%. It is concluded that learning for PAUD can be done using interesting and enjoyable media, one of which is collage activities with rice.
The Application of The Deeplearning Approach Assisted by The Augmented Reality Application Canva AI in Indonesian Language Learning in Elementary Schools
This study aims to analyze a significant improvement in student learning outcomes through the application of canva AI-assisted deep learning and analyze the learning outcomes of students who receive the application of canva ai-assisted deep learning significantly higher than students who receive canva grade V elementary school assistance in reading comprehension materials. The type of research used is Quasy Experiment with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design research design. Data collection techniques use questionnaires, tests, and observations. The research instruments used were the main instruments consisting of questionnaires, learning outcome tests, and observation sheets. While the supporting instruments consist of RPP and canva ai. These types of data are qualitative data and quantitative data. This research consists of two hypotheses. The first hypothesis test used the Wilcoxon mark test because the pretest data in the experimental class were not distributed normally. The results of the Wilcoxon test with a significance level of 5% obtained a significance value of 0.000. Because 0.000 < 0.05 resulted in a significant increase in student learning outcomes through the application of Canva AI-assisted deep learning approaches. Meanwhile, the second hypothesis test uses the Mann-Whitney test because the N-gain data in the control class is not distributed normally. The results of the Mann-Whitney test with a significance level of 5% obtained a significance value of 0.0175. Because 0.0175 < 0.05, the improvement in student learning outcomes with the application of Canva AI's star-studded deep learning approach is significantly higher than that of students who receive Canva assistance
Promoting Analytical Thinking Through Learning Models: Systematic Literature Review
The integration of analytical thinking in teaching is essential to improving the quality of education and preparing students to face the challenges of the 21st century. Various learning models can be applied to improve students' analytical thinking. This study aims to explore 1) Indicators of analytical thinking used. 2) Grand theory used. 3) Learning models used to improve analytical thinking. 4) A review of the methods and techniques of data analysis used. This Systematic Literature Review study uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The literature review procedure includes searching, filtering, evaluating, and synthesising publications on Project-Based Learning in improving critical thinking. The articles reviewed were 37 articles obtained from Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and ERIC from 2015 to 2024. The results show that most studies confirm the significant influence of various learning models on analytical thinking. The most frequently used indicators of analytical thinking are differentiating, organising, and attributing. The grand theory most widely used to explain the relationship between variables is constructivism. Problem-based learning is the most widely applied learning model. The most widely used research method is an experiment to show the influence of learning models on analytical thinking
Educator’s Strategies in Implementing Multicultural Education in Early Childhood Education
Multicultural education is an approach that has recently gained attention in the context of early childhood education (ECE) in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze how educators at ECD centers implement multicultural education. This descriptive qualitative study at TK Charlita in Cipanas-Cianjur showed that the implementation of multicultural education goes beyond the simple introduction and recognition of different cultures; it also entails fostering tolerance and appreciation of diversity in children. Educators utilize various techniques in teaching multicultural education, such as incorporating culture into the curriculum, employing project-based learning, and working with parents. A best example discovered in this research is the Festival of Cultures as a powerful learning tool designed to teach students the values found within various cultures. This research is intended to assist educators to practically support the goals of multicultural education in early childhood education. At the national level, some policy direction is suggested to strengthen support for the use of multicultural education in ECD centers.
Building A Bright Future : Inclusive Education For Gen Alpha In The Digital Age
This study focuses on Generation Alpha who grew up in the digital era, facing challenges in education such as access gaps, lack of digital literacy, and the need for an inclusive learning approach. This article also discusses the role of technology in addressing educational inequality. Literature analysis and case studies show that technology, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and online learning platforms, can improve access and quality of education, especially for marginalized groups. However, the implementation of technology must be balanced with adequate teacher training and community involvement. This study recommends collaboration between the government, private sector, and communities in designing education policies that are responsive to the needs of Gen Alpha to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) by 2030. The research method used is qualitative with library research techniques. The results show that technology strengthens access to inclusive education, although there is still a digital divide in rural areas and among low-income families. Gen Alpha is familiar with technology, but lacks critical digital literacy. Inclusive education has a positive impact on Gen Alpha engagement and learning achievement, with schools that implement inclusive principles showing better academic results. Teacher training is key to the success of digital inclusive education
Understanding Teacher Entrepreneurs: Needs Assessment Instrument Design for MOOCS
Supporting teacher entrepreneurship through accessible pathways like Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) offers potential for professional diversification, yet necessitates careful design grounded in participants' actual needs and contexts. This paper addresses the crucial initial stage of developing a MOOC titled "Starting a Side Business for Teachers" by focusing on understanding its target audience, specifically teachers interested in entrepreneurship. We detail the design process for preliminary needs assessment instruments, namely a survey questionnaire and a semi-structured interview guide. These instruments are crafted to identify teachers' motivations, perceived barriers, specific entrepreneurial skill gaps, resource requirements, and learning preferences relevant to initiating side businesses, thereby informing effective MOOC curriculum and content development. Instrument design integrated principles of entrepreneurship education, needs assessment methodologies, and MOOC design considerations. This paper contributes a systematic approach to developing foundational assessment tools vital for specialized MOOC relevance. The survey and interview instruments presented are initial designs currently awaiting validation, the necessary next step before conducting the needs assessment study.
Mapping Teacher Digital Competence & Levels of Technology Implementation: Instrument Design
Understanding teacher capacity is crucial for optimizing technology integration within Indonesia's evolving digital education landscape. This paper details the foundational phase of a study mapping Teacher Digital Competence (TDC) and Levels of Technology Implementation (LoTI) among Indonesian teachers. Systematically mapping these variables (encompassing pedagogical skills, technical proficiency, and actual classroom technology use) provides vital baseline data essential for designing evidence-based curricula and online training materials truly tailored to diverse needs and contexts. Concentrating on this critical preliminary stage, we present the design process for initial survey and interview instruments. Instrument items and protocols were meticulously developed through synthesis of relevant literature and adaptation of established TDC and LoTI frameworks, aiming to capture key competence dimensions quantitatively (survey) and explore influencing contextual factors qualitatively (interview). This paper contributes a systematic, context-aware design methodology for these essential diagnostic tools. Importantly, the described survey and interview instruments are initial designs awaiting rigorous validation, which constitutes the next research step before the main mapping study proceeds to ensure reliable data collection
Interactive Learning in the Digital Era As an Effort to Increase Learning Motivation through the Utilization of Inknoe ClassPoint
The background of this study is based on the phenomenon of decreasing student learning motivation in attending lectures delivered conventionally, especially in courses that require active participation and critical thinking. In the context of higher education, a learning approach is needed that can accommodate students' needs to be actively and interactively involved. Inknoe ClassPoint as one of the technological innovations in PowerPoint-based presentations, provides opportunities for lecturers to create a more dynamic learning experience through quizzes, polls, and direct Q&A features in the slides. This study aims to explore how the use of Inknoe ClassPoint can increase student learning motivation in classroom learning. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method. The subjects of the study were 6th semester students of the Indonesian Language Education Study Program, FKIP, Bengkulu University who attended lectures with the application of ClassPoint. Data collection techniques include classroom observation, interviews, and documentation of learning activities. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing thematic conclusions. The results of the study showed that the application of Inknoe ClassPoint in lectures was able to create a more interactive and enjoyable learning atmosphere. Students felt more involved, motivated, and encouraged to actively participate in discussions and understand the material more deeply. In addition, lecturers also felt an increase in response and enthusiasm from students during the learning process. Thus, ClassPoint has proven effective as an interactive learning media in an effort to increase student learning motivation.
Children's Language Ability in Primary School from The Perspective of Sociocultural Theory
Language skills in elementary school children play a crucial role in their cognitive and social development. Various language development theories have been proposed to explain how children acquire and develop their language abilities. One approach that provides valuable insight into this context is the sociocultural theory introduced by Lev Vygotsky. This theory emphasizes the importance of social interaction in children's language development, with a particular focus on the role of social and cultural environments in shaping their language skills. This article reviews the language abilities of elementary school children from the sociocultural theory perspective, referencing recent literature (2020-2025) to provide a deeper understanding of the dynamics of language in the context of children's education
Assessing Economic Essays with ChatGPT: Systematic Review and Preliminary Design
This study explores the integration of ChatGPT in automated essay scoring (AES) through a systematic literature review (SLR) of 46 Scopus-indexed articles published between 2020 and 2025. The review identifies key trends in the use of large language models (LLMs), particularly GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and ChatGPT, for evaluating student essays across various domains. Findings show that GPT-based models deliver strong accuracy and reliability, especially when guided by structured rubrics and effective prompt designs. Despite these advantages, challenges remain in terms of scoring validity, model consistency, and generalizability across educational contexts. Based on the synthesis, this study proposes a preliminary rubric-guided AES model using ChatGPT. The model is designed to align essay scoring with pedagogical standards while offering scalable and transparent evaluation. This paper contributes by mapping current practices, identifying research gaps, and laying the groundwork for future development of standardized, domain-specific AES systems, particularly in economics education. Further empirical validation and field-based experimentation are recommended to ensure the model’s pedagogical soundness and practical effectiveness.
Enhancing Student Engagement Through Blended Learning Models: A Comparative Study
This study aims to explore the effectiveness of blended learning models in enhancing student engagement across various educational contexts. Blended learning, which combines face-to-face instruction with digital technology, has become a popular approach in higher education. This comparative study analyzes data from two groups of students enrolled in courses with different learning models: one group using a blended learning model and the other using traditional teaching methods. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, and classroom observations to measure student engagement levels, comprehension of the material, and satisfaction with the learning methods used. The results indicate that students in the blended learning group exhibited higher engagement levels compared to those in the traditional learning group. Additionally, students in the blended learning group reported improved comprehension of the material and higher satisfaction with the learning process. This study suggests that blended learning models can be effective tools for enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes. The study also identifies key factors contributing to the success of blended learning models, including time flexibility, material accessibility, and more intensive interaction between students and instructors. The implications of this study include recommendations for curriculum development and more effective teaching strategies in higher education contexts.
Utilization of Chatgpt to Increase The Environmental Awareness of Early Childhood
The utilization of artificial intelligence is not a new thing in education. In various studies that have been conducted, the use of artificial intelligence in the learning process allows for improvements in terms of personalization, student interaction, and the role of the teacher as a facilitator. The purpose of this study is to explore the utilization of one of the artificial intelligence applications, namely ChatGPT, as a learning media at the early childhood education level, to increase students' awareness of the environment. The research subjects consisted of 20 kindergarten students aged 5-6 years at TK Pelita Insan Madani. The results of the study showed that students' understanding and concern for environmental issues increased significantly after using ChatGPT as a learning media. The conclusion of this study is that the use of ChatGPT as a learning media with environmental themes can increase students' understanding and concern for the environment. The researcher's suggestion is that teachers be given more intensive training related to the use of artificial intelligence, and recommendations for further research to be explored more deeply related to the psychological impact for students and the issue of privacy or data security of artificial intelligence users
Analysis of the Need for Animation-Based STEAM Learning Media in IPAS Learning at MI Plus Ja-Alhaq Bengkulu City
Education establishes a strong foundation; however, individual growth continues to evolve alongside changes in society and life demands. Lifelong learning enables us to adapt, innovate, and confront new challenges more effectively. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, focusing on 25 students as subjects. Data were collected through two primary instruments: a questionnaire distributed to students and interviews with teachers. The data obtained were subsequently analyzed descriptively to reveal findings related to the needs for animated learning media. Results from questionnaires completed by fifth-grade teachers indicated that the utilization of STEAM-based learning media, particularly animations, in the teaching process of IPAS (Integrated Science Studies) material concerning Landscape features is still suboptimal. This is reflected in teachers' tendencies to adopt more passive and less varied teaching methods. Furthermore, 80% of students possess and are capable of operating smartphones, with 80% preferring animation-based learning media. Additionally, 80% of students acknowledged difficulties in understanding ecosystem material. A significant 96% of students expressed greater enthusiasm for learning when using STEAM-based animated learning media.
Building Character Education Based on School Culture in Elementary Schools: A Qualitative Study
Abstract: The importance of character education has become one of the main programs in school development. Character education aims to develop a person’s character, making them better individuals. This form of education is crucial for everyone as it guides human behavior and expression in society. The development of character education based on school culture reflects the motivations and character values that grow within the school environment, involving the traditions of individuals in the educational setting. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with the aim of understanding the implementation of character education based on school culture. The research subjects included school principals and teachers from three schools in the Yogyakarta region, namely Elementary School A, Elementary School B, Elementary School C. Data collection techniques involved observation, interviews, and document analysis. The gathered data was then analyzed through thematic analysis, involving data grouping and interpretation stages. The research results indicate that the three schools adopt different approaches, adjusting to the specific conditions of their respective school environments. The character development goals of each school also exhibit slight differences. The implementation of character education based on school culture is influenced by several factors, such as school leadership, the resources of teachers and staff, the availability of facilities and infrastructure, parental support, and the community environment.
How Can Students Improve Their Presentation Skills in Speaking Class by Integrating Analytical and Evaluation Questions?
In order to improve students' presentation abilities in a speaking class, this article tries to discuss the integration of analytical and assessment questions. Students improve their capacity to organize cogent arguments, express their ideas clearly, and effectively engage their audience by implementing questions that stimulate critical thinking and analysis. This article provides the advantages of employing analytical and evaluative questions to promote deeper learning and enhance students' presentation abilities through reflective practice and observation. It is believed that this strategy may result in presenters who are more competent and self-assured and who are better able to express their thoughts and viewpoints in an understandable and convincing way. For teachers looking to improve their students' presentation abilities and foster critical thinking in the classroom, this article provides useful insights.
Effectiveness of Learning Probability Based on Microlearning Media to Students’ Reasoning Ability
Students’ reasoning ability is still a problem in mathematics learning, as seen from several research results of researchers related to reasoning ability in probability material. The weakness of reasoning ability is partly due to students’ lack of understanding of the concept of probability. Given the importance of the material, researcher innovate using microlearning media in the form of interactive videos, and student worksheets, so that students can understand the concept of probability material, which directly help their reasoning ability. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of microlearning media in learning probability material. This study is development study with a formative evaluation methods, namely preliminary study and formative evaluation. The subject of this study were 34 students grade 10 students senior high school. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, tests, and interview, which were alayzed descriptevly. This study produce student worksheets and interactive videos as microlearning media. The results of the study showed that video greatly helped students work on worksheet, that led them to understand the concept, so that the learning became effective. Based on result of the data analysis, it was obtained that microlearning media made learning probability material effective to help students’ reasoning ability.
Teachers' Perspective of Numeracy Literacy in Vocational High Schools
The relevance of education to the goals of national development under the characteristics of vocational education is to prepare graduates who can compete in the world of work and technological developments. Utilization of national assessment results in the numeracy aspect as an effort to improve the quality of learning. This qualitative research with a case study design aims to explore teachers' knowledge and understanding of numeracy literacy, aspects, and the process of assessing numeracy literacy in the Minimum Competency Assessment. The respondents involved in this study were 14 teachers at one of the State Vocational High Schools in Ciamis Regency, West Java Province. The instruments used were questionnaires and interview guidelines. The data collected were then analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that: (1) respondents stated that numeracy literacy is related to basic mathematics in everyday life, (2) respondents understand the cause of low numeracy literacy skills in students due to the lack of interest in learning about arithmetic subjects, (3) respondents know that numeracy literacy skills are not only developed in mathematics lessons, (4) respondents do not understand the content and context aspects that can be used in learning to strengthen students' numeracy literacy skills, and (5) respondents do not know the classification of students' numeracy literacy skills based on the Minimum Competency Assessment assessment process. Strengthening numeracy literacy skills needs to be done across subjects systematically, structured, and massively through programs that are integrated into the curriculum. This is done so that teachers have a clear focus in improving numeracy literacy skills as provisions for students to face increasingly complex future demands.
The Effectiveness of The Steam Learning Model with Loose Parts Media in Basic Chemistry Courses
Students in pursuing higher education must have theoretical knowledge, supported by critical thinking skills and high creativity. Basic chemistry courses as a foundation in a science study program with abstract material need a deep conceptual understanding. The STEAM-based learning model (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) as an innovative learning model is applied to create a hands-on learning experience. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the STEAM learning model combined with loose parts media in increasing student creativity in basic Chemistry courses. The method used was Quasi-experiment with a one group pretest-posttest design desaign. Data analysis was carried out with a t-test to find out the difference in pretest and posttest scores. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student creativity scores after the implementation of the learning model. The average creativity score increased from 65.3 in the pretest to 87.4 in the posttest. The t-test showed a significant value of 0.001 (p < 0.05) which indicated the increase statistically. The conclusion of this study is that the STEAM-based learning model with loose parts media can increase student creativity, including: active in discussions, enthusiasm in conveying ideas or opinions to the group, creative in completing the assigned assignments, fun learning activities, and students able to understand abstract chemical concepts better.
The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Student Motivation on The Performance of Junior High School Teachers in Bima City
This research is motivated by the crucial role of teachers in enhancing the quality of education, where teacher performance is influenced by various factors, including the transformational leadership of school principals and student motivation. The objective of this study is to analyze the simultaneous and partial effects of transformational leadership and student motivation on the performance of junior high school teachers in Bima City. The research method employed is quantitative with a survey approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to a sample of junior high school teachers in Bima City. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression techniques. The results of the study indicate that transformational leadership and student motivation simultaneously have a significant effect on teacher performance. Partially, transformational leadership has a positive and significant influence on teacher performance, as does student motivation, which also demonstrates a positive and significant influence on teacher performance. The conclusion of this research is that effective transformational leadership of school principals and high student motivation contribute positively to the improvement of junior high school teacher performance in Bima City. Therefore, efforts to enhance transformational leadership and student motivation need to be a concern in educational policies to improve teacher quality