BRIDGING LABORATORY ACCESS GAPS THROUGH ONLINE PRACTICUM GUIDES IN OPEN AND DISTANCE HIGHER EDUCATION

Abstract

Access to laboratory-based learning remains a persistent challenge in open and distance education, particularly for science disciplines requiring fieldwork. This study presents the development of an online practicum guide for the Ecology course at Universitas Terbuka, designed to address disparities in practicum access among geographically dispersed learners. Drawing on international benchmarking, expert validation, and contextual adaptation, the guide integrates modular field-based activities that can be conducted independently using locally available materials. Supported by video tutorials, QR-linked resources, and structured mentoring, the guide enables students to conduct ecological observations in freshwater, terrestrial, and urban environments. The initiative not only enhances practical competence and ecological literacy but also reveals opportunities for institutional collaboration and educational entrepreneurship through the distribution of practicum kits. Aligned with open education principles, the guide offers a scalable model for delivering meaningful practicum experiences in remote learning contexts and demonstrates the potential for innovation in science education within ODL systems.