Implementation of Joyful Learning through the Team Games Tournament (TGT) Model and Ethnopedagogical Approach: Adoption of Dakon as a Traditional Game-Based Learning Medium in Chemistry Learning as an Effort to Improve Students' Cognitive Abilities

Abstract

This study aims to determine the differences in the development of students’ cognitive abilities in Chemistry, particularly in the topic of Electron Configuration, by using traditional games such as dakon and the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model. This is a quantitative study involving two classes: class X-E2 as the experimental class and class X-E3 as the control class from SMA 1 Muhammadiyah Cilacap in the 2025/2026 academic year, odd semester. Learning achievement data was collected through pretest and posttest questions. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, N-Gain analysis, and ANCOVA hypothesis testing. Learning using dakon media and the TGT model had an effect on students in improving their understanding of electron configuration concepts, as seen from the increase in test scores and N-Gain values in both classes. The ANCOVA hypothesis test showed a significant difference between the two classes, as the Sig. value (Kelas_2) was less than 0.05. These results indicate that the use of dakon as a learning medium in combination with the TGT learning model has a positive effect on students’ cognitivie abilities.