Tax System Optimization: A Comparative Analysis Between Personal Income Tax and Corporate Income Tax in Indonesia

Abstract

This study adopts a qualitative approach to analyze the comparison between Personal Income Tax (PPh) and Corporate Income Tax (PPh Corporate) in Indonesia. Through literature studies and observations, this study explores the tariff structure, tax relief, and tax compliance level of the two tax systems. The economic implications of the implementation of Income Tax and Corporate Income Tax on economic growth, investment, and income distribution were also discussed. The findings show that tax reform, as stated in the Law on Harmonization of Tax Regulations (UU HPP), has a significant impact in improving the effectiveness and fairness of the tax system. The results of this study provide in-depth insights into the importance of appropriate tax policies to support inclusive and sustainable economic growth in Indonesia.